Aconitic acid exporter (aexA) increases organic acid production in aspergillus
Recombinant Aspergillus genetically modified to increase expression of g8846, renamed herein as aconitic acid exporter (aexA), are provided, which in some examples are also genetically inactivated for an endogenous cis-aconitic acid decarboxylase (cadA) gene. Such recombinant Aspergillus produce more aconitic acid as compared to native Aspergillus . Also provided are methods of using such recombinant Aspergillus to increase production of aconitic acid and other organic acids, such as citric acid, itaconic acid, and 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP).
1. A method of producing 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP), comprising: culturing an isolated recombinant Aspergillus fungus in Riscaldati medium, or modified Riscaldati medium under conditions that permit the fungus to produce 3-HP, thereby making 3-HP,
wherein the fungus comprises:
an exogenous nucleic acid molecule encoding an aconitic acid exporter (aexA) protein comprising at least 60% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 2, 3, 4, or 5, operably linked to an exogenous promoter, thereby overexpressing the aexA in the fungus;
an endogenous or exogenous nucleic acid molecule encoding aspartate 1-decarboxylase (panD);
an endogenous or exogenous nucleic acid molecule encoding β-alanine-pyruvate aminotransferase (BAPAT); and
an endogenous or exogenous nucleic acid molecule encoding 3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase (3-HPDH), and
wherein the Riscaldati medium comprises 100 g/L glucose, 0.11 g/L KH 2 PO 4 , 2.36 g/L (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 2.08 g/L MgSO 4 *7H 2 O, 0.074 g/L NaCl, 0.13 g/L CaCl 2 *2H 2 O, 0.0013 g/L ZnSO 4 *7H 2 O, 0.0055 g/L FeSO 4 *7H 2 O, 0.0002 g/L CuSO 4 *5H 2 O, and 0.0007 g/L MnCl 2 *4H 2 O, or
wherein the modified Riscaldati medium comprises 100 g/L glucose, 0.11 g/L KH 2 PO 4 , 2.36 g/L (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 2.08 g/L MgSO 4 *7H 2 O, 0.074 g/L NaCl, 0.13 g/L CaCl 2 *2H 2 O, 20 times 0.0013 g/L ZnSO 4 *7H 2 O, 20 times 0.0055 g/L FeSO 4 *7H 2 O, 20 times 0.0002 g/L CuSO 4 *5H 2 O, and 20 times 0.0007 g/L MnCl 2 *4H 2 O.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the isolated recombinant Aspergillus fungus further comprises a genetically inactivated endogenous cis-aconitic acid decarboxylase (cadA) gene.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the isolated recombinant Aspergillus fungus is Aspergillus pseudoterreus or Aspergillus oryzae.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the isolated recombinant Aspergillus fungus is Aspergillus niger.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the endogenous cadA gene is genetically inactivated by complete deletion of the cadA gene, partial deletion of the cadA gene, or by insertional mutation of the cadA gene.
6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the cadA gene prior to its genetic inactivation encodes a protein having at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 7 or 9.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the cadA gene prior to its genetic inactivation comprises a coding sequence having at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 6, 8, 10 or 11.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule encoding aexA comprises at least 60% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule encoding aexA encodes a protein comprising at least 90% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 2, 3, 4, or 5.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the exogenous nucleic acid molecule encoding aexA operably linked to an exogenous promoter is part of a vector.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the vector is a plasmid.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule encoding panD comprises:
at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 12 or 14, and/or
encodes a panD protein comprising at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 13.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule encoding BAPAT comprises:
at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 15 or 17, and/or
encodes a BAPAT protein comprising at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 16.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule encoding 3-HPDH comprises:
at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 18 or 20, and/or
encodes a 3-HPDH protein comprising at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 19.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the exogenous nucleic acid molecule encoding panD, the exogenous nucleic acid molecule encoding BAPAT, and the exogenous nucleic acid molecule encoding 3-HPDH are part of a single exogenous nucleic acid molecule.
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising isolating the 3-HP from culture media or from the fungus.