Systems and methods to make safe a firearm
Systems and methods are provided for the making safe of a firearm. A safety system includes a lock mechanism coupled to an engagement member and a user interface. The engagement member is movably coupled to the firearm and rotatable between an unlock position and a lock position. A contact face of the engagement member is in contact with an outer surface of a distal portion of a breechblock in the lock position and precludes a distal movement of the breechblock. The engagement member is configured to transition between the lock position and the unlock position while remaining movably coupled to the handgun. Movement of the engagement member from the lock position is restricted by the lock mechanism until disengaged via the user interface.
1. A safety system for a firearm having a longitudinal axis, the firearm having a breechblock movably coupled to a frame, the safety system comprising:
an engagement member movably coupled to the frame, the engagement member being rotatable between an unlock position and a lock position while remaining movably coupled to the frame, the engagement member having a contact face that is in contact with an outer surface of a distal portion of the breechblock in the lock position, a distal end of a primer actuator of the firearm being maintained spaced apart from a primer activation plane of the firearm by a separation distance in response to the engagement member being in the lock position;
a lock mechanism operably coupled to the engagement member and positioned to restrict a movement of the engagement member from the lock position while the lock mechanism is in an engaged state; and
a user interface operably coupled to the lock mechanism and configured to transition the lock mechanism between the engaged state and a disengaged state.
2. The safety system of claim 1 , wherein:
the lock mechanism is positioned within a housing of the safety system; and
the user interface is coupled to a portion of the firearm at a distance from the housing.
3. The safety system of claim 1 , wherein:
the engagement member is rotatable about a pivot axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis;
the contact face is at a first lateral location in response to the engagement member being in the lock position and a second lateral location in response to the engagement member being in the unlock position; and
the second lateral location is displaced from the longitudinal axis a greater distance than the first lateral location.
4. The safety system of claim 3 , wherein:
the first lateral location of the contact face is laterally offset from the longitudinal axis when the engagement member is in the lock position.
5. The safety system of claim 1 , wherein:
the engagement member is rotatable about a pivot axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis;
the pivot axis is laterally displaced from the longitudinal axis;
the contact face is on a plane that is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis on a condition that the engagement member is in the lock position; and
the contact face is configured to traverse an arc of at least 90 degrees on a condition that the engagement member is rotated to the unlock position.
6. The safety system of claim 1 , wherein:
the engagement member is rotatable about a pivot axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis;
the pivot axis is vertically displaced from the longitudinal axis;
the contact face is at a first longitudinal location when the engagement member is in the lock position and a second longitudinal location when the engagement member is in the unlock position; and
the second longitudinal location is distal to the first longitudinal location.
7. The safety system of claim 1 , wherein:
the engagement member is configured to rotate from the lock position to the unlock position in response to a motive force applied to the engagement member.
8. The safety system of claim 7 , further comprising:
a spring positioned to apply the motive force to the engagement member, the spring having a potential state on a condition that the engagement member is in the lock position and a released state on a condition that the engagement member is in the unlock position.
9. The safety system of claim 7 , further comprising:
an electrical machine positioned to apply the motive force to the engagement member in response to the lock mechanism being transitioned to the disengaged state.
10. The safety system of claim 7 , wherein:
the engagement member is shaped such that a force vector resulting from the motive force is non-parallel to the longitudinal axis and produces the rotation of the engagement member.
11. The safety system of claim 1 , wherein the lock mechanism further comprises:
a sear removably coupled to the engagement member on a condition that the engagement member is at the lock position and the sear is at a restrain position, the sear configured to preclude the rotation of the engagement member from the lock position when the sear is coupled to the engagement member, the sear being movable to a release position that permits the rotation of the engagement member from the lock position to the unlock position;
an electrical machine operably coupled to the user interface, the electrical machine being configured to generate a rotational force to transition the lock mechanism from the engaged state to the disengaged state; and
a cam operably coupled to the electrical machine, the cam being positioned to move the sear from the restrain position to the release position in response to the rotational force of the electrical machine.
12. The safety system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a housing supporting the user interface, the housing including:
a coupling portion oriented to receive a mounting structure of the firearm,
a lock cavity defined by an inner face of the housing, the lock cavity containing at least a portion of the lock mechanism, and
an interface orifice oriented to facilitate the operable coupling of the engagement member to the lock mechanism.
13. The safety system of claim 12 , further comprising:
a fastener positioned adjacent the coupling portion and oriented to secure the mounting structure of the firearm within the coupling portion, the fastener being at least partially occluded by the engagement member when in the lock position thereby precluding a loosening of the fastener.
14. The safety system of claim 1 , wherein:
the user interface includes at least one of a fingerprint reader, a radio frequency identification reader, a numerical input apparatus, a microphone, a magnetic key, or a mechanical key.