FET driver circuit
Embodiments of a power switching system are disclosed. In some embodiments, the system includes: a power transistor having a control terminal, a first transistor terminal, and a second transistor terminal; a current buffer that includes a bipolar junction transistor connected across the control terminal and the first transistor terminal, the bipolar junction transistor having a base; a gate driver circuit having a first circuit branch connected to the base of the bipolar junction transistor and a second circuit branch connected to the base of the bipolar junction transistor, wherein: the first circuit branch includes a first switch for opening and closing the first circuit branch; the second circuit branch includes a second switch for opening and closing the second circuit branch and a current source. In some embodiments, the power transistor is a Silicon Carbide field effect transistor or a Gallium Nitride field effect transistor.
1 . A power switching system, comprising:
a power transistor having a control terminal, a first transistor terminal, and a second transistor terminal, wherein the power transistor is a Silicon Carbide field effect transistor or a Gallium Nitride field effect transistor;
a current buffer that includes a bipolar junction transistor connected across the control terminal and the first transistor terminal, the bipolar junction transistor having a base; and
a gate driver circuit having a first circuit branch connected to the base of the bipolar junction transistor and a second circuit branch connected to the base of the bipolar junction transistor, wherein:
the first circuit branch includes a first switch for opening and closing the first circuit branch; and
the second circuit branch includes a second switch for opening and closing the second circuit branch and a current source.
2 . The power switching system of claim 1 , wherein, the control terminal is a gate, the first transistor terminal is a source, and the second transistor terminal is a drain.
3 . The power switching system of claim 2 , wherein the bipolar junction transistor is a PNP bipolar junction transistor.
4 . The power switching system of claim 3 , wherein the bipolar junction transistor includes an emitter connected to the gate of the power transistor and a collector connected to the source of the power transistor.
5 . The power switching system of claim 4 , further comprising a control circuit configured to:
close the second switch and open the first switch to turn off the bipolar junction transistor; and
open the second switch and close the first switch to prevent a Miller capacitance of the power transistor from activating the power transistor.
6 . The power switching system of claim 4 , wherein the gate driver circuit further comprises a third circuit branch including a third switch for opening and closing the third circuit branch and a second current source, wherein:
the current source in the second circuit branch is a first current source;
the first current source generates a first current having a first current level; and
the second current source generates a second current having a second current level, wherein the second current level is less than the first current level.
7 . The power switching system of claim 6 , further comprising a control circuit configured to:
detect that the power transistor is to be turned off;
close the second switch in the second circuit branch for a first time period in response to detecting that the power transistor is to be turned off and in response to detecting that a drain current of the power transistor is below a threshold current level; and
close the third switch in the third circuit branch for a second time period in response to detecting that the power transistor is to be turned off and in response to detecting that the drain current of the power transistor is above the threshold current level, wherein the second time period is longer than the first time period.
8 . The power switching system of claim 1 , wherein the current buffer further comprises a second bipolar junction transistor, wherein:
the bipolar junction transistor is a PNP bipolar junction transistor;
the PNP bipolar junction transistor has a first base, a first collector, and a first emitter, wherein the base is the first base;
the second bipolar junction transistor is an NPN bipolar junction transistor;
the NPN bipolar junction transistor comprises a second collector and a second emitter and the base is a second base; and
the first emitter is connected to the second emitter.
9 . The power switching system of claim 8 , wherein the power transistor is a Silicon Carbide junction field effect transistor (JFET) having a gate, wherein the gate of the Silicon Carbide JFET is connected to the first emitter and the second emitter.
10 . The power switching system of claim 9 , wherein the Silicon Carbide JFET is an N channel field effect transistor (NFET).
11 . The power switching system of claim 10 , wherein the Silicon Carbide JFET includes a source, wherein the source is connected to the first collector.
12 . The power switching system of claim 11 , wherein the first switch is a first complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) switch and the second switch is a second CMOS switch.
13 . The power switching system of claim 12 , wherein the Silicon Carbide JFET is at least 10 times bigger than the PNP bipolar junction transistor and wherein the Silicon Carbide JFET is at least 10 times bigger than the NPN bipolar junction transistor.
14 . The power switching system of claim 13 , wherein the PNP bipolar junction transistor and the NPN bipolar junction transistor are at least 10 times bigger than the first and second CMOS switches.
15 . The power switching system of claim 14 , wherein the gate driver circuit is an integrated circuit (IC).
16 . The power switching system of claim 15 , wherein a current buffer circuit is also part of the IC.
17 . The power switching system of claim 14 , wherein the power switching system is formed in an integrated circuit (IC).
18 . The power switching system of claim 1 , wherein the gate driver circuit further comprises a third circuit branch having a third switch and a second current source, wherein:
the current source is a first current source; and
the third circuit branch is connected to the base.
19 . A power switching system, comprising:
a Silicon Carbide Junction field effect transistor (JFET) having a gate, a source, and a drain;
a current buffer that includes a bipolar junction transistor connected across the gate and the source, the bipolar junction transistor having a base; and
a gate driver circuit having a first circuit branch connected to the base of the bipolar junction transistor and a second circuit branch connected to the base of the bipolar junction transistor, wherein:
the first circuit branch includes a first switch for opening and closing the first circuit branch; and
the second circuit branch includes a second switch for opening and closing the second circuit branch and a current source.
20 . A power switching system, comprising:
a power transistor having a control terminal, a first transistor terminal, and a second transistor terminal;
a current buffer that includes a first bipolar junction transistor connected across the control terminal and the first transistor terminal, wherein the current buffer further comprises a second bipolar junction transistor, wherein:
the first bipolar junction transistor is a PNP bipolar junction transistor;
the PNP bipolar junction transistor has a first base, a first collector, and a first emitter;
the second bipolar junction transistor is an NPN bipolar junction transistor;
the NPN bipolar junction transistor comprises a second collector, a second emitter and a second base; and
the first emitter is connected to the second emitter; and
a gate driver circuit having a first circuit branch connected to the first base of the first bipolar junction transistor and a second circuit branch connected to the first base of the first bipolar junction transistor, wherein:
the first circuit branch includes a first switch for opening and closing the first circuit branch; and
the second circuit branch includes a second switch for opening and closing the second circuit branch and a current source.