Turbine component having pin-fin cooling structure, and gas turbine including same
An airfoil of a turbine blade or turbine vane includes a coolant flow cavity formed in an inner trailing edge of the airfoil, and a plurality of pin-fin cooling structures formed to abut against opposite inner sides of the coolant flow cavity, the pin-fin cooling structures each including a cooling fin connected between the opposite inner sides to the coolant flow cavity, and a pair of guide fins formed on opposite sides of the cooling fin so as to be spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other to surround the cooling fin.
1 . An airfoil of a turbine blade or turbine vane, the airfoil comprising:
a coolant flow cavity formed in an inner trailing edge of the airfoil; and
a plurality of pin-fin cooling structures formed to abut against opposite inner sides of the coolant flow cavity, the pin-fin cooling structures each comprising:
a cooling fin connected between the opposite inner sides to the coolant flow cavity, and
a pair of guide fins formed on opposite sides of the cooling fin so as to be spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other to surround the cooling fin.
2 . The airfoil of claim 1 , wherein the cooling fin is formed as a column, and the guide fin is formed as an arcuate rib disposed at a predetermined angular range from a center of the column.
3 . The airfoil of claim 2 , wherein the pair of guide fins is formed to have a height (h) of one-third to one-sixth of a diameter (D) of the cooling fin such that a first pair of guide fins is arranged to abut against one side of the coolant flow cavity and a second pair of guide fins is arranged to abut against the other side of the coolant flow cavity.
4 . The airfoil of claim 3 , wherein the pair of guide fins is arranged such that an angle (a) defined from the center of the column between an upstream end and a downstream end in the coolant flow cavity in an air-flow direction ranges from 80 to 100 degrees.
5 . The airfoil of claim 4 , wherein the pair of guide fins is arranged such that an angle (2b) between the upstream ends is greater than an angle (2c) between the downstream ends.
6 . The airfoil of claim 3 , wherein the pair of guide fins is formed to have a width (w) of ⅓ to ⅙ of the diameter (D) of the cooling fin.
7 . The airfoil of claim 1 , wherein the cooling fin is formed as a column, and the guide fin is formed as an arcuate rib arranged at a predetermined angle range downstream of a plane perpendicular to an air-flow direction and through the center of the column.
8 . The airfoil of claim 7 , wherein the pair of guide fins is arranged such that an angle (a) defined downstream of the plane ranges from 50 to 65 degrees.
9 . The airfoil of claim 8 , wherein the pair of guide fins is arranged such that a distance (L) from the center of the column to a widthwise center of the guide fin is 1.0 to 2.0 times the diameter (D) of the cooling fin.
10 . The airfoil of claim 8 , wherein the pair of guide fins is formed to have a width (w) of ⅓ to ⅙ of the diameter (D) of the cooling fin.
11 . The airfoil of claim 1 , wherein the cooling fin is formed as a column, and the guide fin comprises:
a curved rib part formed as an arcuate rib arranged at a predetermined angle range downstream of a plane perpendicular to an air-flow direction and through the center of the column, wherein a downstream extension extends from a downstream end of the curved rib part at an angle bent opposite to the curved rib part at a downstream inflection point of the curved rib part.
12 . The airfoil of claim 11 , wherein the curved rib part is arranged such that an angle (a) defined from the plane and the downstream inflection point ranges from 50 to 65 degrees.
13 . The airfoil of claim 12 , wherein the pair of guide fins is arranged such that a distance (L) from the center of the column to a widthwise center of the guide fin is 1.0 to 2.0 times the diameter (D) of the cooling fin.
14 . The airfoil of claim 12 , wherein the pair of guide fins is formed to have a width (w) of ⅓ to ⅙ of the diameter (D) of the cooling fin.
15 . The airfoil of claim 1 , wherein the cooling fin is formed as a column, and the guide fin comprises:
a curved rib part formed as an arcuate rib arranged at a predetermined angle range downstream of a plane perpendicular to an air-flow direction and through the center of the column;
an upstream extension extending at a predetermined angle from an upstream end of the curved rib part; and
a downstream extension extending from a downstream end of the curved rib part at an angle bent opposite to the curved rib part at a downstream inflection point of the curved rib part.
16 . The airfoil of claim 15 , wherein the curved rib part is arranged such that an angle (a) defined from the plane and the downstream inflection point ranges from 50 to 65 degrees.
17 . The airfoil of claim 16 , wherein the upstream extension is arranged upstream of the plane disposed at an angle of 20 to 40 degrees.
18 . The airfoil of claim 16 , wherein the pair of guide fins is arranged such that a distance (L) from the center of the column to a widthwise center of the guide fin is 1.0 to 2.0 times the diameter (D) of the cooling fin.
19 . The airfoil of claim 16 , wherein the pair of guide fins is formed to have a width (w) of ⅓ to ⅙ of the diameter (D) of the cooling fin.
20 . A turbine vane comprising:
an airfoil;
an inner end wall formed on a radially inner side of the airfoil;
an outer end wall formed on a radially outer side of the airfoil, the inner end wall and the outer end wall each having an end wall cavity formed therein; and
a plurality of pin-fin cooling structures formed to abut against opposite inner sides of the end wall cavities, the pin-fin cooling structures each comprising:
a cooling fin connected between the opposite inner sides to the end wall cavities; and
a pair of guide fins formed on opposite sides of the cooling fin so as to be spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other to surround the cooling fin.
21 . The turbine vane of claim 20 , wherein the cooling fin is formed as a column, and the guide fin is formed as an arcuate rib disposed at a predetermined angular range from a center of the column.
22 . A gas turbine comprising:
a compressor configured to compress incoming air;
a combustor configured to mix the compressed air with fuel and combust an air-fuel mixture; and
a turbine having turbine blades and turbine vanes installed in a turbine housing so that the turbine blades are rotated by combustion gases discharged from the combustor, wherein an airfoil of the turbine blade or turbine vane comprises:
a coolant flow cavity formed in an inner trailing edge of the airfoil; and
a plurality of pin-fin cooling structures formed to abut against opposite inner sides of the coolant flow cavity, the pin-fin cooling structures each comprising:
a cooling fin connected between the opposite inner sides to the coolant flow cavity, and
a pair of guide fins formed on opposite sides of the cooling fin so as to be spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other to surround the cooling fin.
23 . The gas turbine of claim 22 , wherein the cooling fin is formed as a column, and the guide fin is formed as an arcuate rib disposed at a predetermined angular range from a center of the column.