Method for producing gas diffusion electrodes
A method for producing gas diffusion electrodes, in particular for use in electrolysis cells, as well as electrodes and their uses are described. A method of the present invention involves first, a sheet-like structure is produced by means of a pair of rolls by rolling a powder mixture containing at least one catalyst or a catalyst mixture and a binder, and then the sheet-like structure is connected to an electrically conductive catalyst support by rolling by means of a pair of rolls. In one embodiment the clamping force of the rolls is preferably kept constant in the range from 0.2 kN/cm to 15 kN/cm.
1. A method for producing gas diffusion electrodes, suitable for use in electrolysis cells, comprising: producing a sheet-like structure using a pair of rolls by rolling a powder mixture comprising at least one catalyst or a catalyst mixture and a binder, and
connecting the sheet-like structure to an electrically conductive catalyst support by rolling using said pair of rolls, wherein the clamping force of the rolls is maintained in a range from about 0.2 kN/cm to about 15 kN/cm.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the diameter of the rolls, independently of one another, is not less than about 8 cm and not more than about 13 cm.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the diameter of the rolls, independently of one another, is not less than about 8 cm and not more than about 13 cm.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the circumferential speed of the rolls during rolling of the powder mixture, independently of one another, is from about 0.05 m/min to about 19 m/min.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the circumferential speed of the rolls during connection of the sheet-like structure to the support, independently of one another, is from about 0.1 m/min to about 12 m/min.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sheet-like structure has a thickness of from about 0.05 mm to about 0.7 mm.
7. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the sheet-like structure and/or of the catalyst support during the rolling processes is from about 5° C. to about 70° C.
8. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the rolls, independently of one another, have a surface roughness of from about 0.05 μm to about 1.5 μm.
9. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive catalyst support is connected to a gas-permeable, metallic baseplate.
10. A gas diffusion electrode produced according to claim 1 .
11. A method for producing gas diffusion electrodes, suitable for use in electrolysis cells, comprising:
producing a sheet-like structure using a pair of rolls by rolling a powder mixture comprising at least one catalyst or a catalyst mixture and a binder, and
connecting the sheet-like structure to an electrically conductive catalyst support using said pair of rolls, wherein the diameter of the rolls, independently of one another, is not less than about 8 cm and not more than about 15 cm.
12. A method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the clamping force of the rolls during rolling of the powder mixture is in the range from about 0.2 kN/cm to about 10 kN/cm.
13. A gas diffusion electrode produced according to claim 11 .
14. A method for producing gas diffusion electrodes, suitable for use in electrolysis cells, comprising:
producing a sheet-like structure using a pair of rolls by rolling a powder mixture containing at least one catalyst or a catalyst mixture and a binder, and
connecting the sheet-like structure to an electrically conductive catalyst support using said pair of rolls, the sheet-like structure is applied to the catalyst support by rolling, and further wherein the rolling is effected under a nip force of from about 0.1 kN/cm to about 2 kN/cm.
15. A method as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the clamping force of the rolls during rolling of the powder mixture is in the range from about 0.2 kN/cm to about 10 kN/cm.
16. A gas diffusion electrode produced according to claim 14 .
17. A gas diffusion electrode having a voltage of less than 2.45 V at a current density of 4 kA/m 2 , said electrode having been produced by rolling a dry powder.
18. An electrode of claim 17 , wherein said rolling is conducted from under a nip force from about 0.1 kN/cm to about 2 kN/cm.
19. An electrode of claim 17 , wherein said electrode is capable of being produced from a sheet-like structure having a density variation from about ±2 to about ±5 g/m 3 .
20. An electrode of claim 17 , which is capable of being produced from a sheet-like structure having a thickness from about ±0.05 to about ±0.02 mm.