Synthetic isoparaffinic premium heavy lubricant base stock
View Patent ↗A synthetic, isoparaffinic heavy hydrocarbon composition useful as a heavy lubricant base stock contains hydrocarbon molecules having consecutive numbers of carbon atoms, is a liquid at 100° C., at which temperature its kinematic viscosity is above 8 cSt and has respective initial and end boiling points of at least 850 and 1000° F. (454 and 538° C.). The branching index BI and the branching proximity CH 2 >4 of the isoparaffinic hydrocarbon molecules, are such that: BI−0.5(CH 2 >4)<15; and (a) BI+0.85(CH 2 >4)<45; (b) as measured over the hydrocarbon composition as a whole.
1. A hydrocarbon composition comprising at least 95 wt % paraffin molecules, of which at least 90 wt % are isoparaffins, containing hydrocarbon molecules having consecutive numbers of carbon atoms, is a liquid at 100° C., at which temperature its kinematic viscosity is above 8 cSt, has respective initial and end boiling points of at least 850 and 1000° F. (454 and 538° C.), wherein the branching index BI, and the branching proximity CH 2 >4 of said isoparaffinic hydrocarbon molecules, are such that:
BI−0.5(CH 2 >4)<15; and (a)
BI+0.85(CH 2 >4)<45; (b)
as measured over the hydrocarbon composition as a whole.
2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said branching index BI is less than 24 and said composition contains at least 95 wt % of hydrocarbon atoms having at least thirty carbon atoms.
3. A composition according to claim 2 wherein said branching proximity (CH 2 >4) is greater than 17.
4. A composition according to claim 3 wherein less than half the branches of said isoparaffinic hydrocarbon molecules have two or more carbon atoms.
5. A composition according to claim 4 wherein less than 25% of the total number of carbon atoms in said isoparaffinic hydrocarbon molecules are present in said branches.
6. A composition according to claim 5 comprising at least 98 wt % saturated, paraffinic hydrocarbons, of which at least 90 wt % are non-cyclic hydrocarbons and not more than 5 wt % cyclic hydrocarbons.
7. A composition according to claim 6 wherein less than 25% of the total number of said branches have three or more carbon atoms.
8. A composition according to claim 7 wherein less than 15% of the total number of said branches have three or more carbon atoms.
9. A composition according to claim 8 wherein less than 25% of the total number of carbon atoms in said isoparaffin hydrocarbon molecules are present in said branches.
10. A composition according to claim 9 that has been hydrofinished and optionally dehazed.
11. A composition according to claim 10 which is a liquid at conditions of 75° F. (24° C.) and one atmosphere (101 kPa) pressure.
12. A composition according to claim 11 having cloud and pour points above 75° F. (24° C.) at one atmosphere (101 kPa) pressure.
13. A composition according to claim 9 comprising at least a portion of one or more of a heavy white oil, a pharmaceutical oil, a pharmaceutical oil, a carrier or base for medicinal formulations and as a component of chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing processes.
14. A synthetic, isoparaffinic, heavy lubricant base stock composition comprising at least 95 wt % paraffin molecules, of which at least 90 wt % are isoparaffins, containing hydrocarbon molecules having consecutive numbers of carbon atoms, is a liquid at 100° C., at which temperature its kinematic viscosity is above 8 cSt, has respective initial and end boiling points of at least 850 and 1000° F. (454 and 538° C.), wherein the branching index BI, and the branching proximity CH 2 >4 of said isoparaffinic hydrocarbon molecules, are such that:
BI−0.5(CH 2 >4)<15; and (a)
BI+0.85(CH 2 >4)<45; (b)
as measured over the hydrocarbon composition as a whole.
15. A composition according to claim 14 wherein said branching index BI is less than 24 and said composition contains at least 95 wt % of hydrocarbon atoms having at least thirty carbon atoms.
16. A composition according to claim 15 wherein said branching proximity (CH 2 >4) is greater than 17.
17. A composition according to claim 16 wherein less than half the branches of said isoparaffinic hydrocarbon molecules have two or more carbon atoms.
18. A composition according to claim 8 having an end boiling point above 1050° F. (566° C.).
19. A composition according to claim 18 comprising at least 95 wt % hydrocarbons having thirty or more carbon atoms.
20. A composition according to claim 19 that has been hydrofinished and optionally dehazed.
21. A composition according to claim 20 having a T5 boiling point of at least 900° F.
22. A composition according to claim 21 combined with one or more lubricant additives to form a lubricant.