Method of biotreatment for solid materials in a nonstirred surface bioreactor
A method of biotreating a solid material to remove an undesired compound using a nonstirred surface bioreactor is provided. According to the method, the surface of a plurality of coarse substrates is coated with a solid material to be biotreated to form a plurality of coated coarse substrates. The coarse substrates have a particle size greater than about 0.3 cm and the solid material to be biotreated has a particle size less than about 250 μm. A nonstirred surface reactor is then formed by stacking the plurality of coated coarse substrates into a heap or placing the plurality of coated coarse substrates into a tank so that the void volume of the reactor is greater than or equal to about 25%. The solid material is biotreated in the surface bioreactor until the undesired compound in the solid material is degraded to a desired concentration.
1. A method of biotreating and recovering metal values from metal-bearing refractory sulfide ore using a nonstirred surface bioreactor, said process comprising the steps of:
a. producing a concentrate of metal sulfide particles from the refractory sulfide ore,
b. coating the surface of a plurality of coarse substrates having a particle size of greater than about 0.3 cm with the metal sulfide particles to be biotreated and thereby forming a plurality of coated coarse substrates, said metal sulfide particles to be biotreated having a particle size of less than about 250 μm;
c. forming a nonstirred surface reactor by stacking said plurality of coated coarse substrates into a heap or placing said plurality of coated coarse substrates into a tank, said reactor having a void volume greater than or equal to about 25% and a surface area of greater than or equal to 100 square meters per cubic meter of reactor space;
d. biooxidizing the metal sulfide particles on the plurality of coarse substrates;
e. contacting the biooxidized metal sulfide particles with a metal lixiviant to thereby dissolve metal values from the biooxidized metal sulfide particles; and
f. recovering precious metal values from the lixiviant.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said plurality of coarse substrates are rock, and said rock is selected from the group consisting of lava rock, gravel, and barren rock containing carbonate minerals.
3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein no more than 5% by weight of said coarse substrates are less than 0.3 cm.
4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface area of the reactor per cubic meter of reactor space is greater than or equal to 500 square meters per cubic meter of reactor.