Polyolefin polymer and catalyst blend for bonding fluoropolymers
The invention relates to compositions useful for bonding fluoropolymer to substantially non-fluorinated polymer. The compositions of the invention comprise a substantially non-fluorinated polymer or a mixture of said polymers, a base, and a crown ether catalyst. Another aspect of the invention is an article comprising the above composition adhered to a fluoropolymer and methods of making said article.
1. An article comprising:
a) a first layer comprising fluoropolymer; and
b) a second layer bonded to the first layer, the second layer comprising a mixture of:
1) a melt processable substantially non-fluorinated polymer,
2) a base, and
3) a crown ether.
2. The article of claim 1 wherein the fluoropolymer is selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of vinylidene fluoride and vinyl fluoride and copolymers or terpolymers of hexafluoropropylene and tetrafluoroethylene.
3. The article of claim 1 wherein the melt-processable substantially non-fluorinated polymer is selected from the group consisting of functionalized polyolefins, polyamides, polyimides, polyurethanes, polyesters, and mixtures thereof.
4. The article of claim 3 wherein the functionalized polyolefin comprises one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of imide, amide, oxycarbonyl, anhydride, acetate, carbonyl, and hydroxide groups.
5. The article of claim 4 wherein the functional group is pendant from the polymer backbone.
6. The article of claim 1 wherein the base is a metal hydroxide, a metal alkoxide, an organic base, or a mixture thereof.
7. The article of claim 6 wherein the metal hydroxide base is selected from the group consisting of lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof.
8. The article of claim 6 wherein the metal alkoxide base is selected from the group consisting of potassium methoxide, potassium ethoxide, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium phenoxide, sodium phenoxide, and mixtures thereof.
9. The article of claim 6 wherein the organic base is selected from the group consisting of potassium phthalimide and sodium trimethylsilanoate.
10. The article of claim 1 wherein the crown ether is an 18-crown-6 ether.
11. The composition of claim 1 further comprising an organo-onium.
12. The article of claim 1 wherein the melt-processable substantially non-fluorinated polymer is selected from the group consisting of functionalized polyolefins, polyurethanes, polyamides, polyimides, polyesters, and combinations thereof;
the base is selected from the group consisting of lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium methoxide, potassium ethoxide, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium phenoxide, sodium phenoxide, potassium phthalimide, sodium trimethylsilanoate, and mixtures thereof; and
the crown ether is an 18-crown-6 ether.
13. The article of claim 1 further comprising a third layer bonded to the second layer wherein said third layer comprises a polyolefin, a polyamide, a polyurethane, a polyamide, a polyester, or a combination thereof.
14. The article of claim 13 wherein said article is a hose, container, or film.
15. The article of claim 1 wherein the fluoropolymer is a homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride or is a copolymer or terpolymer derived from vinylidene fluoride and one or more monomers selected from vinyl fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene, and hexafluoropropylene;
the substantially non-fluorinated polymer is selected from the group consisting of functional polyolefins, polyurethanes, polyamides, polyimides, polyesters and combinations thereof;
the base is selected from the group consisting of lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium methoxide, sodium phenoxide, potassium phthalimide, sodium trimethylsilanoate, and mixtures thereof;
the crown ether is an 18-crown-6 ether, and
the third layer comprises a polyolefin, a polyamide, a polyurethane, a polyester, or a combination thereof.