Method and apparatus for measuring the transmission loss of a cable
The invention is directed to techniques and mechanisms for measuring transmission loss of a cable comprising the steps of disabling an antenna connected to a second end of the cable, feeding an input signal having an energy level into a first end of the cable for transmission of the input energy toward the second end of the cable, measuring a reflected energy, reflected back toward the first end of the cable from the second end of the cable, and comparing the reflected energy to a input energy to determine a cable loss. Directional couplers may be used to sample the input and reflected energy to be measured. The information derived from the comparison of input and reflected energy measurements can then be used to calibrate a transmitter thereby optimizing performance.
1. A method for calibrating a transmission line, wherein an end of the transmission line is arranged for connection to an antenna, the method comprising the steps of:
causing the transmission line end arranged for connection to an antenna to be disconnected from the antenna;
feeding a signal into an input end of the transmission line for transmission of the input signal toward the antenna end of the transmission line;
sampling the input signal to provide an energy level proportional to an energy level of the input signal;
sampling a return signal representing a reflection of the input signal at the antenna end of the transmission line, the sampled return signal corresponding to an energy level proportional to an energy level of the return signal;
comparing the energy level of the sampled return signal to the energy level of the sampled input signal to determine a transmission loss of the transmission line; and
calibrating the transmission line as a function of the transmission loss.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of sampling a return signal comprises the steps of:
diverting a sample of the reflected input signal to a detection means; and
quantifying the sample of the reflected signal.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of sampling the input signal comprises the steps of:
diverting a sample of the input signal to a detection means; and
quantifying the sample of the input signal.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of sampling a return signal comprises the further steps of:
switching an analog/digital converter circuit from a transmitter circuit to a cable circuit;
inputting the sampled return signal to the analog/digital converter to measure the reflected energy; and
switching the analog/digital converter circuit back from the cable circuit to the transmitter circuit.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of comparing the energy levels of the sampled return signal and the sampled input signal to determine the transmission loss comprises the steps of:
switching a microprocessor from a transmitter circuit to a cable circuit;
calculating the transmission loss with the microprocessor, based on the reflected energy and the input energy; and
switching the microprocessor back from the cable circuit to the transmitter circuit.
6. A circuit for calibrating a transmission line comprising:
a transmission line having a first and second end; and
circuitry, connected to the transmission line, for processing radio frequency energy, wherein the circuitry is configured to:
disable an antenna connected to the second end of the transmission line;
feed an input signal having an energy level into the first end of the transmission line for transmission of the input energy toward the second end of the transmission line;
sample the input signal to provide an energy level proportional to an energy level of the input signal;
sample a return signal representing a reflection of the input signal at the second end of the transmission line, the sampled return signal corresponding to an energy level proportional to an energy level of the return signal;
compare the energy level of the sampled return signal to the energy level of the sampled input signal to determine a transmission loss of the transmission line; and
calibrate the transmission line as a function of the transmission loss.
7. The circuit of claim 6 further comprising:
a directional coupler configured to sample the return signal;
a detector configured to receive and quantify the sample of the return signal; and
processing circuitry configured to determine a quantity of the return signal based on the sample of the return signal.
8. The circuit of claim 6 further comprising:
a directional coupler configured to sample the input signal;
a detector configured to receive and quantify the sample of the input signal; and
processing circuitry configured to determine a quantity of the input signal based on the sample of the input signal.
9. The circuit of claim 6 further comprising:
an isolator, configured to sample the return signal and to divert the sampled return signal to a detector; and
a detector, configured to measure the sampled return signal.
10. The circuit of claim 6 wherein, to compare the energy levels of the sampled return signal the sampled input signal, the circuit is configured to:
switch a microprocessor from a transmitter circuit to a cable circuit;
calculate the transmission loss with the microprocessor, based on the reflected energy and the input energy; and
switch the microprocessor back from the cable circuit to the transmitter circuit.
11. The circuit of claim 6 further comprising a switch configured to open the connection between the second end of the cable and the antenna.
12. The circuit of claim 6 further comprising a switch configured to short the connection between the second end of the cable and the antenna.
13. The circuit of claim 6 further comprising a PIN diode configured to disable the connection between the second end of the cable and the antenna.
14. The circuit of claim 6 further comprising a relay diode configured to disable the connection between the second end of the cable and the antenna.
15. The circuit of claim 6 wherein the circuitry for processing radio frequency energy is integrated on a transmitter circuit board equipped for transmission of radio frequency energy.
16. An apparatus for calibrating a transmission line comprising:
a transmission line;
means for disabling an antenna connected to a second end of the transmission line;
means for feeding an input signal into a first end of the transmission line;
means, connected to the transmission line, for sampling the input signal to provide an energy level proportional to an energy level of the input signal
means, connected to the transmission line, for sampling a return signal representing a reflection of the input signal at the second end of the transmission line, the sampled return signal corresponding to an energy level proportional to an energy level of the return signal
means, connected to the transmission line, for comparing the energy level of the sampled return signal to the energy level of the sampled input signal to determine a transmission loss of the transmission line; and
means for calibrating the transmission line as a function of the transmission loss.