Cytotoxic modified lactoferrin peptides
The present invention provides a modified lactoferrin peptide which is cytotoxic, 7 to 25 amino acids in length, with three or more cationic residues and which has one or more extra bulky and lipophilic amino acids as compared to the native lactoferrin sequence, as well as esters, amides, salts and cyclic derivatives thereof as well as methods of preparing such peptides, pharmaceutical compositions containing such peptides and use of the peptides as medicaments, particularly as antibacterials or anti-tumoural agents.
1. A modified lactoferrin peptide which is cytotoxic, 7 to 18 amino acids in length, with three or more cationic residues and which has one or more extra bulky and lipophilic amino acids as compared to the native lactoferrin sequence, wherein the extra bulky or lipophilic amino acid is a non-genetic amino acid, trytophan or phenylalanine, as well as esters, amides, salts and cyclic derivatives thereof, wherein the extra bulky and lipophilic amino acid comprises a bulky and lipophilic R group having 7 or more non-hydrogen atoms.
2. A peptide as claimed in claim 1 wherein the non-genetic amino acid is selected from biphenylalanine, tri-tert-butyltryptophan, 2-naphtylalanine, ortho-nitrophenylsulfinyl-tryptophan, ortho-nitrophenylsulfonyl-tryptophan and adamantylalanine.
3. A peptide as claimed in claim 1 wherein the non-genetic amino acid is a standard genetic amino acid whose R group has been modified.
4. A peptide as claimed in claim 3 wherein the R group is modified by a protecting group.
5. A peptide as claimed in claim 4 wherein the protecting group is selected from the group consisting of Pmc, Pbf, tert-buyl and carboxybenzyl.
6. A modified lactoferrin peptide which is cytotoxic, 7 to 18 amino acids in length, with three or more cationic residues and which has one or more extra bulky and lipophilic amino acids as compared to the native lactoferrin sequence, as well as esters, amides, salts and cyclic derivatives thereof, wherein the extra bulky and lipophilic amino acid comprises a bulky and lipophilic N-terminal group which is a cyclic group comprising at least 5 non-hydrogen atoms.
7. A peptide as claimed in claim 6 wherein the N-terminal group comprises 2 or more fused rings.
8. A modified lactoferrin peptide which is cytotoxic, 7 to 18 amino acids in length, with three or more cationic residues and which has one or more extra bulky and lipophilic amino acids as compared to the native lactoferrin sequence, as well as esters, amides, salts and cyclic derivatives thereof, wherein the extra bulky and lipophilic amino acid comprises a bulky and lipophilic C-terminal group which comprises at least 4 non-hydrogen atoms.
9. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a peptide as claimed in claim 1 together with a physiologically acceptable diluent, carrier or excipient.
10. A method of treating bacterial infections in a patient comprising the administration to said patient of one or more of the peptides claimed in claim 1 .
11. A method of treating tumours in a patient comprising the administration to said patient of one or more modified lactoferrin peptides which are cytotoxic, 7 to 25 amino acids in length, with three or more cationic residues and which have one or more extra bulky and lipophilic amino acids as compared to the native lactoferrin sequence, as well as esters, amides, salts and cyclic derivatives thereof, wherein the extra bulky and lipophilic amino acid comprises a bulky and lipophilic R group having 7 or more non-hydrogen atoms but excluding the peptide LFB (17-41) wherein the cysteine residues are pyridylethylated.
12. A method of inhibiting the growth of bacteria comprising contacting the bacteria with an inhibiting effective amount of a peptide as claimed in claim 1 .
13. A method of enhancing the cytotoxicity or selectivity of a 7 to 18 mer lactoferrin originating peptide with three or more cationic residues by incorporating therein an extra bulky and lipophilic amino acid as defined in claims 1 .
14. The enantio or retro-enantio form of LFB and peptide fragments thereof.
15. A peptide as claimed in claim 1 wherein the peptide is 15 or fewer amino acids in length.
16. A peptide as claimed in claim 6 wherein the peptide is 15 or fewer amino acids in length.
17. A peptide as claimed in claim 8 wherein the peptide is 15 or few amino acids in length.
18. A method of treating tumors in a patient comprising the administration to said patient of one or more modified lactoferrin peptides which are cytotoxic, 7 to 25 amino acids in length, with three or more cationic residues and which have one or more extra bulky and lipophilic amino acids as compared to the native lactoferrin sequence, as well as esters, amides salts and cyclic derivatives thereof, wherein the extra bulky and lipophilic amino acid comprises a bulky and lipophilic N-terminal group which is a cyclic group comprising at least 5 non-hydrogen atoms.
19. A method of treating tumors in a patient comprising the administration to said patient of one or more modified lactoferrin peptides which are cytotoxic, 7 to 25 amino acids in length, with three or more cationic residues and which have one or more extra bulky and lipophilic amino acids as compared to the native lactoferrin sequence, as well as esters, amides, salts and cyclic derivatives thereof, wherein the extra bulky and lipophilic amino acid comprises a bulky and lipophilic C-terminal group which comprises at least 4 non-hydrogen atoms.
20. A method of causing regression of a solid tumor in a patient comprising the administration to said patient of lactoferrin B or a fragment thereof that causes tumor regression.
21. The method of claim 20 wherein sad lactoferrin B or said fragment is cyclic.