Damage tolerant shaft
The damage tolerant shaft and associated method of fabricating a damage tolerant shaft provide a drive shaft that is tolerant of accidental and projectile damage to a portion of the drive shaft. The damage tolerant drive shaft is designed with internal ribs or lobes, such that a closed portion of the drive shaft will likely remain after the drive shaft is partially damaged. Thus, the damage tolerant drive shaft is able to continue proper operation after being partially damaged because the closed portion of the shaft creates a closed path around which the internal shear stresses that correspond to the required torque loads flow. In addition, the damage tolerant shaft and associated method provide damage tolerance without increasing the radius, wall thickness and/or weight of the drive shaft.
1. A damage tolerant shaft comprising:
an elongate, annular body extending lengthwise and being symmetrical about an axis;
a plurality of ribs extending inwardly from said annular body and connecting within an interior of said annular body; and
a filler material disposed within interstices defined between said annular body and said plurality of ribs and between said plurality of ribs at a point of connection, wherein said annular body and said plurality of ribs cooperate to define elongate interstices extending lengthwise through the shaft such that said filler material also extends lengthwise through the shaft,
wherein said annular body and said plurality of ribs cooperate to define a plurality of voids extending lengthwise therealong.
2. The damage tolerant shaft of claim 1 , wherein said annular body and said plurality of ribs are made of a composite material.
3. The damage tolerant shaft of claim 2 , wherein at least one of said annular body and said plurality of ribs includes a plurality of reinforcing fibers oriented in a direction perpendicular to the axis about which said annular body is symmetrical.
4. The damage tolerant shaft of claim 2 wherein said annular body and said plurality of ribs comprise a plurality of layered plies of composite material, and wherein each ply extends along and defines a portion of at least two ribs and an arcuate section of said annular body.
5. The damage tolerant shaft of claim 4 wherein said annular body further comprises a second plurality of layered plies of composite material that extend circumferentially thereabout.
6. The damage tolerant shaft of claim 1 , wherein said annular body and said plurality of ribs are made of a metallic material.
7. The damage tolerant shaft of claim 1 , wherein said annular body and said plurality of ribs are made of an organic material.
8. The damage tolerant shaft of claim 1 , wherein said annular body and said plurality of ribs are made of an inorganic material.
9. The damage tolerant shaft of claim 1 , wherein said annular body and said plurality of ribs are made of organic and inorganic materials.
10. A damage tolerant shaft comprising:
an annular body symmetrical about an axis;
a plurality of ribs extending inwardly from said annular body and connecting within an interior of said annular body; and
a filler material disposed within interstices defined between said annular body and said plurality of ribs and between said plurality of ribs at a point of connection,
wherein said annular body and said plurality of ribs cooperate to define a plurality of voids extending lengthwise therealong; and
wherein said annular body and said plurality of ribs comprise a plurality of layered plies of composite material, and wherein each ply extends along and defines a portion of at least two ribs and an arcuate section of said annular body.
11. The damage tolerant shaft of claim 10 wherein said annular body further comprises a second plurality of layered plies of composite material that extend circumferentially thereabout.
12. The damage tolerant shaft of claim 10 wherein the layer plies include a plurality of reinforcing fibers oriented in a direction perpendicular to the axis about which said annular body is symmetrical.