Magnetic resonance imaging using direct, continuous real-time imaging for motion compensation

1. A system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation, comprising:

an MRI device which operates to:

acquire a first series of real-time 2D images of an anatomy of interest, and

acquire a second series of unaliased, real-time 2D images; and

a processing system, connected to the MRI device, which operates to:

select at least one template from the first series of real-time 2D images,

select multiple images from the second series of unaliased, real-time 2D images by comparing the images from the second series of unaliased, real-time 2D images to the template in order to minimize motion-induced artifacts, and

form an output image of the anatomy of interest using the selected multiple images such that motion-induced artifacts are minimized.

2. The system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation of claim 1 wherein the output image is a 3D image.

3. The system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation of claim 2 , wherein the at least one template includes a spatial grid of templates, each template being used in the comparison.

4. The system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation of claim 2 , wherein;

the at least one template includes a temporal series of templates, each template being used in the comparison, and

the processing system further operates to produce a time series of motion compensated magnetic resonance images using the temporal series of templates.

5. The system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation of claim 1 , wherein the images are compared to the at least one template using a correlation coefficient.

6. The system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation of claim 1 wherein the MRI device uses variable-density image acquisition.

7. The system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation of claim 1 wherein the MRI device operable to acquire the series of unaliased real-time 2D images uses variable-density image acquisition.

8. The system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation of claim 1 , wherein;

the at least one template includes a temporal series of templates, each template being used in the comparison, and

the processing system further operates to produce a time series of motion compensated magnetic resonance images using the temporal series of templates.

9. The system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation of claim 1 , wherein only those images selected from the second series of unaliased, real-time 2-D images are used to form the out put image.

10. The system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation of claim 1 , wherein the MRI device uses through-plane encoding.

11. The system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation of claim 1 , wherein the at least one template includes multiple templates selected from the group consisting of: multiple spatial templates and multiple temporal templates.

12. A system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with motion compensation, comprising:

an MRI device which operates to subject an anatomy of interest to MRI for acquiring a series of unaliased, real-time 2D images; and

a processor, connected to the MRI device, which operates to select multiple images from among the series of unaliased 2D images by comparing the images from the series of unaliased 2D images to at least one template in order to minimize motion-induced artifacts,

wherein:

the processor includes means for forming an output image of the anatomy of interest using the selected multiple images such that motion-induced artifacts are minimized, and

the MRI device further operates to acquire the series of unaliased real-time 2D images uses variable-density image acquisition.