Polishing method using an abrading plate
An abrading plate has a self-stopping capability such that when an object, such as a semiconductor wafer having a device structure that includes raised regions and depressed regions fabricated on the surface, is being polished, the raised regions are removed and polishing stops automatically. The abrading plate, to produce a flat and mirror polished surface on the an object, has abrasive particles having a chemical purity of not less than 90% and a particle size of not more than two micrometers, a binder material, and a given volume of porosity. A ratio of the abrasive particles and the binder material is not less than 1:0.5 by volume, and proportions of abrasive particles, a binder material and porosity are, respectively, not less than 10%, not more than 60% and 10-40% by volume. A surface is polished for a given duration with a liquid not containing abrasive particles so as to eliminate the raised regions and to obtain a flat surface. Additional surface removal is performed by supplying abrasive particles to the polishing interface to remove surface material uniformly from the entire surface.
1. A method for polishing an object by using an abrading surface made of abrasive particles and a binder, said method comprising:
polishing the object by the abrading surface while supplying a liquid not containing any abrasive particles for a determined time period; and
further polishing the object by the abrading surface while supplying abrasive particles so as to perform additional removal of a surface material to remove a specific film thickness.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said further polishing to remove the surface material is performed with the abrading surface by supplying a slurry containing abrasive particles to the abrading surface.
3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said further polishing to remove the surface material comprises:
polishing while concurrently dressing the abrading surface with a liquid not containing abrasive particles to thereby generate free abrasive particles therefrom.
4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the object is a semiconductor wafer having a raised and depressed pattern thereon.
5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the object is held by a same holder during and said further polishing.
6. A polishing apparatus for polishing a surface of an object, said polishing apparatus comprising:
a holder for holding the object;
an abrading surface comprising abrasive particles and a binder;
a mechanism for pressing the surface of the object to said abrading surface while producing a sliding motion over a polishing interface;
a device for supplying a liquid not containing abrasive particles to the polishing interface; and
a surface material removal device for performing additional material removal by supplying abrasive particles on said abrading surface, said surface material removal device being integrally mounted in said polishing apparatus.
7. A polishing apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein said surface material removal device is a device for supplying a slurry containing abrasive particles to the polishing interface.
8. A polishing apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein said surface material removal device is a device for dressing said abrading surface so as to release abrasive particles from said abrading surface.
9. A polishing apparatus according to claim 6 , further comprising:
first polishing means for polishing while supplying a liquid not containing abrasive particles to the polishing interface; and
second polishing means for polishing while supplying a slurry containing abrasive particles to the polishing interface.
10. An apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein said abrading surface comprises a surface of an abrading plate.
11. A method for polishing an object using an abrading surface made of abrasive particles and a binder binding the abrasive particles, said method comprising:
dressing the abrading surface to shape the abrading surface by a dresser prior to a polishing process;
pressing the object against the abrading surface; and
polishing the object by making a sliding motion between a surface of the object and the abrading surface, wherein
said dressing process comprises removing residual particles from the dressed abrading surface,
said removing process comprises washing the abrading surface using a brush while flowing a liquid thereon, and
the dresser comprises diamond particles.
12. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the dresser comprises the diamond particles electro-deposited in a nickel base.
13. A method for polishing an object using an abrading surface made of abrasive particles and a binder binding the abrasive particles, said method comprising:
polishing a surface of the object by pressing the object against the abrading surface and making a sliding motion between the surface of the object and the abrading surface; and
dressing the abrading surface by a dresser for roughening the abrading surface during said polishing process to generate free abrasive particles from the abrading surface,
wherein said polishing process comprises conducting a first stage polishing without dressing, and conducting a second stage polishing with dressing.
14. A method according to claim 13 , wherein said polishing process is conducted while supplying a liquid not containing abrasive particles.
15. A method according to claim 13 , wherein the dresser comprises a diamond dresser.
16. An apparatus for polishing an object using an abrading surface made of abrasive particles and a binder binding the abrasive particles, said apparatus comprising:
a holder for holding the object;
a mechanism for pressing the object against the abrading surface and making a sliding motion between a surface of the object and the abrading surface;
a dresser for dressing the abrading surface prior to a polishing process to shape the abrading surface; and
a residual particles removing device for removing residual particles from the dressed abrading surface, wherein
said residual particles removing device comprises a brush for washing the abrading surface while flowing a liquid thereon, and
said dresser comprises diamond particles.
17. An apparatus according to claim 16 , wherein said dresser comprises said diamond particles electro-deposited in a nickel base.
18. An apparatus for polishing an object using an abrading surface made of abrasive particles and a binder binding the abrasive particles, said apparatus comprising:
a holder for holding the object;
a mechanism for polishing a surface of the object by pressing the object against the abrading surface and making a sliding motion between a surface of the object and the abrading surface;
a dresser for dressing the abrading surface for roughening the abrading surface during the polishing process to generate free abrasive particles from the abrading surface; and
a controller for sending a signal for switching between a first stage polishing which is conducted without dressing, and a second stage polishing which is conducted with dressing.
19. An apparatus according to claim 18 , wherein the polishing process is conducted while supplying a liquid not containing abrasive particles.
20. An apparatus according to claim 18 , wherein the dresser comprises a diamond dresser.