Method of forming angled implant for trench isolation
A trench isolation having a sidewall and bottom implanted region located within a substrate of a first conductivity type is disclosed. The sidewall and bottom implanted region is formed by an angled implant, a 90 degree implant, or a combination of an angled implant and a 90 degree implant, of dopants of the first conductivity type. The sidewall and bottom implanted region located adjacent the trench isolation reduces surface leakage and dark current.
1. A method of forming an isolation region, comprising the steps of:
forming at least one trench in a substrate;
conducting an angled implant through said at least one trench and into said substrate to form an implanted region below said trench and adjacent at least a sidewall of said trench;
forming a dielectric material within said trench; and
forming an electrical device which is part of an imager pixel, said electrical device being in contact with said implanted region.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said implanted region is formed to a thickness of about 10 to about 1,500 Angstroms.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said angled implant is conducted at an incidence angle with a surface of said substrate.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said incidence angle with said surface of said substrate is of about 10 to about 30 degrees.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said incidence angle further forms with said sidewalls of said trench an angle of about 90 degrees.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein said incidence angle with said surface of said substrate is about ninety degree.
7. The method of claim 3 , wherein said angled implant is conducted at an incidence angle with a surface of said substrate of about ninety degree and of about 10 to about 30 degrees.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said implanted region is formed on bottom and sidewalls of said at least one trench.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said implanted region is implanted with an implant dose within the range of from about 3×10 11 to about 3×10 13 atoms per cm 2 .
10. The method of claim wherein said imager pixel is part of a CMOS imager.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said imager pixel is part of a CDD imager.
12. A method of forming an isolation region, comprising the steps of:
forming at least one trench in a substrate;
conducting an angled implant through said at least one trench and into said substrate to form an implanted region below said trench and adjacent at least a sidewall of said trench;
providing a dielectric material within said trench; and
providing a photosensor in contact with said implanted region.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein said photosensor is a photodiode.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein said photosensor is a photoconductor.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein said photosensor is a photogate.
16. A method of forming a photodiode for a pixel sensor cell, said method comprising the steps of:
forming at least one isolation region in a substrate;
forming an implanted region adjacent at least a sidewall of said at least one isolation region;
forming a first doped layer of a first conductivity type in said substrate;
forming a doped region of a second conductivity type in said first doped layer; and
forming a second doped layer of said first conductivity type in said substrate, said second doped layer being in contact with at least a portion of said implanted region.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein said implanted region is formed on bottom and sidewalls of said at least one isolation region.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein said implanted region is implanted with a p-type dopant at an implant dose within the range of from about 3×10 11 to about 3×10 13 atoms per cm 2 .
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein said implanted region is formed to a thickness of about 10 to about 1,500 Angstroms.
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein said act of forming said implanted region further comprises implanting ions of said first conductivity type at at least one incidence angle with said substrate and said incidence angle is different than a ninety degree angle.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein said incidence angle is of about 10 to about 30 degrees.
22. The method of claim 16 , wherein said act of forming said implanted region further comprises implanting ions of said first conductivity type at at least one incidence angle with respect to said substrate and said at least one incidence angle including one incidence angle of about 10 to about 30 degrees and another incidence angle of about ninety degrees.
23. The method of claim 16 , wherein said photodiode is a p-n-p photodiode.
24. The method of claim 16 , wherein said photodiode is an n-p-n photodiode.
25. A method of forming a p-n-p photodiode for a CMOS imaging device, said method comprising the steps of:
forming at least one trench isolation region in a silicon substrate;
forming a doped region in contact with at least a sidewall of said at least one trench isolation region by implanting p-type ions at an incidence angle with said silicon substrate, with an implant dose within the range of from about 3×10 11 to about 3×10 13 atoms per cm 2 .
26. The method of claim 25 further comprising the steps of:
forming a first p-type doped layer in said silicon substrate;
forming an n-type doped region in said first p-type doped layer; and
forming a second p-type doped layer in said first p-type doped layer and above said n-type doped region, said second p-type doped layer being in contact with at least a portion of said doped region.
27. The method of claim 25 , wherein said doped region is formed on the bottom and sidewalls of said at least one trench isolation region.
28. The method of claim 25 , wherein said doped region is formed to a thickness of about 10 to about 1,500 Angstroms.
29. The method of claim 25 , wherein said doped region is doped with boron.
30. The method of claim 25 , wherein said incidence angle is different than a ninety degree angle.
31. The method of claim 30 , wherein said incidence angle is of about 10 to about 30 degrees.
32. The method of claim 25 , wherein said incidence angle is a ninety degree angle.
33. A method of forming a p-n-p photodiode for a CMOS imaging device, said method comprising the steps of:
forming at least one trench isolation region in a silicon substrate;
forming a doped region in contact with at least a sidewall of said at least one trench isolation region by implanting p-type ions at an incidence angle with said silicon substrate;
forming a first p-type doped layer in said silicon substrate;
forming an n-type doped region in said silicon substrate and laterally displaced from said first p-type doped layer; and
forming a second p-type doped layer in said silicon substrate and above said n-type doped region, said second p-type doped layer being in contact with at least a portion of said doped region.
34. The method of claim 33 , wherein said doped region is formed on the bottom and sidewalls of said at least one trench isolation region.
35. The method of claim 33 , wherein said doped region is formed to a thickness of about 10 to about 1,500 Angstroms.
36. The method of claim 33 , wherein said doped region is doped with boron.