Chemical synthesis of reagents for peptide coupling
The present invention provides improved methods for synthesis of phosphinothiol reagents, as well as novel protected reagents, for use in formation of amide bonds, and particularly for peptide ligation. The invention provides phosphine-borane complexes useful as reagents in the formation of amide bonds, particularly for the formation of an amide bond between any two of an amino acid, a peptide, or a protein.
1. A phosphine-borane complex of formula:
where:
PR is a protecting group,
R and R′, independently of one another, are optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or alkoxy groups where R and R′ may be the same or different groups and R and R′ may be covalently linked to each other;
R″, independently of other R″ in the compound, can be H, an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl group where all three of R″ may be the same or each may be different, and any two or three of R″ may be covalently linked to each other; and
R 2 and R 3 , independently of one another, can be selected from H, or optionally substituted alkyl or aryl groups, where R 2 and R 3 may be covalently linked to each other.
2. The complex of claim 1 wherein PR is an acyl group.
3. The complex of claim 1 wherein PR is a —CO—R 5 group where R 5 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl group.
4. The complex of claim 1 wherein R and R′ are optionally substituted alkyl groups.
5. The complex of claim 1 wherein R and R″ are optionally substituted aryl groups.
6. The complex of claim 1 wherein R′ are all the same and are selected from H or an alkyl group having one to six carbon atoms.
7. The complex of claim 1 wherein R 2 and R 3 are H or alkyl groups having from one to six carbon atoms.
8. The complex of claim 1 wherein R and R′ are ethyl groups.
9. The complex of claim 3 wherein PR is an acyl group.
10. The complex of claim 3 wherein R and R′ are optionally substituted alkyl groups.
11. The complex of claim 3 wherein R and R′ are optionally substituted aryl groups.
12. The complex of claim 3 wherein R″ are all the same and are selected from H or alkyl groups having one to six carbon atoms.
13. The complex of claim 3 R 2 and R 3 are H or alkyl groups having one to six carbon atoms.
14. The complex of claim 3 wherein R and R′ are ethyl groups.
15. The complex of claim 3 wherein R and R′ are optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or alkoxy groups.
16. The complex of claim 3 wherein R 2 and R 3 are both hydrogens and R and R′ are both ethyl groups.
17. The complex of claim 3 wherein PR is an acetyl group.
18. A kit for forming an amide bond employing a phosphinothiol reagent which comprises one or more phosphine-borane complexes of claim 1 .
19. The kit of claim 18 further comprising a deprotecting agent for deprotecting the phosphine-borane complex.
20. The kit of claim 18 further comprising an azide.
21. The kit of claim 20 wherein the azide is an azide of an amino acid, a peptide, a protein, or a carbohydrate.