Piezoelectric speaker
A piezoelectric speaker improved in acoustic features by weight reduction of a diaphragm of the piezoelectric speaker without decreasing stiffness of the diaphragm or a coefficient of thermal expansion of surfaces of the piezoelectric speaker is provided. The diaphragm having placed thereon a piezoelectric element is made of a sandwich-laminate clad material using different materials. For example, surface materials made of 42 alloy each having a thickness of 10 μm and a core material made of aluminium having a thickness of 30 μm form a clad material having a thickness of 50 μm. The formed clad material is processed into an arbitrary shape to form the diaphragm of the piezoelectric speaker. With this diaphragm, it is possible to keep the stiffness and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the 42-alloy diaphragm having the thickness of 50 μm, and also achieve weight reduction by approximately 40%.
1. A piezoelectric speaker, comprising:
a piezoelectric element;
a diaphragm having placed thereon the piezoelectric element to form a vibrator;
a frame portion surrounding the diaphragm;
a damper portion connecting the frame portion and the diaphragm, and supporting the diaphragm so that the diaphragm can linearly vibrate; and
an edge portion formed in an area delineated by the diaphragm, the damper portion, and the frame portion,
wherein the diaphragm is made of a clad material having layers of a first material and a second material laminated together to form a sandwich structure in cross sections,
wherein the first material is different than the second material,
wherein the clad material includes:
two surface layers made of the first material to form a top surface and a bottom surface of the diaphragm; and
a single core layer made of the second material that is different from the first material, and bonded between the two surface layers,
wherein the clad material is subjected to a predetermined process to integrally form the diaphragm, the damper portion, and the frame portion on a same plane, and
wherein the edge portion is formed of a different material than the first material and the second material.
2. The piezoelectric speaker according to claim 1 , wherein
a coefficient of thermal expansion of the first material is close to a coefficient of thermal expansion of the piezoelectric element, and
a density of the second material is lower than a density of the first material.
3. The piezoelectric speaker according to claim 2 , wherein
each of the surface layers is thinner than the core layer.
4. The piezoelectric speaker according to claim 2 , wherein
the first material and the second material are each one of a metal film and a film made of high polymer resin.
5. The piezoelectric speaker according to claim 4 ,
wherein the first material is a metal film made of 42 alloy stainless, and
wherein the second material is one of a metal film made of metal other than the 42 alloy stainless, and the film made of high polymer resin.
6. The piezoelectric speaker according to claim 5 , wherein the second material is a film made of aluminium.
7. The piezoelectric speaker according to claim 1 , wherein
the edge portion is formed by performing an etching process onto only the first material in the area delineated by the diaphragm, the damper portion, and the frame portion.
8. The piezoelectric speaker according to claim 1 ,
wherein the piezoelectric element has provided thereon a first electrode for applying a driving voltage to the piezoelectric element, and
wherein the frame portion is a second electrode electrically connected to the diaphragm via the damper portion.
9. The piezoelectric speaker according to claim 1 ,
wherein at least a part of the clad material is made of an insulating material, and
wherein the frame portion is provided with a circuit portion formed by performing an etching process onto at least a part of the layers forming the clad material.
10. The piezoelectric speaker according to claim 1 , wherein the frame portion and the damper portion me made of the clad material.