Fluoropolymers resistant to stress cracking
The invention provides a fluorothermoplastic composition comprising interpolymerized units derived from about 94 to about 97.5 mole percent (mol %) tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), about 2 to about 3 mol % perfluoro (propyl vinyl ether) (PPVE), and about 0.5 to about 3 mol % hexafluoropropylene (HFP). The invention also provides a fluorothermoplastic composition comprising interpolymerized units derived from about 94 to about 97 mol % TFE, about 0.75 to about 3 mol % PPVE, and about 1.5 to about 3.5 mol % HFP. These fluorothermoplastic compositions have a flex life that fits the equation: log(flex life cycles)≧0.71+4.0*(MFI (−0.294) ), a method of making fluorothermoplastic compositions, a method of improving stress crack resistance, and fluorothermoplastic articles.
1. A method of improving stress crack resistance comprising the steps of:
a) providing a fluorothermoplastic composition comprising interpolymerized units derived from:
about 94 to about 97.5 mole percent (mol %) tetrafluoroethylene (TFE);
about 2 to about 3 mol % perfluoro (propyl vinyl ether) (PPVE); and
about 0.5 to about 3 mol % hexafluoropropylene (HFP);
wherein the fluorothermoplastic lacks a significant melt peak above 300° C. as measured via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and/or a number of double flexure cycles to failure that fits the equation:
log(flex life cycles)≧0.71+4.0*(MFI (−0.294) );
b) shaping an article from the composition; and
c) exposing the article to a stress cracking agent.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the stress cracking agent is selected from alkanes, lower alcohols, or fluorinated surfactants.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of exposing the article endures for at least 30 days without the occurrence of stress cracking.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the article is selected from tubing, tube fittings, films, or coatings.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the resultant fluorothermoplastic additionally has at least one property selected from: a surface roughness below about 150 nm as measured by optical interferometry; a Stress Crack Resistance greater than a comparative fluorothermoplastic composition having a similar melt flow index; and a Stress Crack Resistance greater than a comparative fluorothermoplastic composition having a similar melt flow index and a higher level of PPVE.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising one or more comonomers selected from the group consisting of:
CF 2 ═CFOCF 3 , CF 2 ═CFOCF 2 CF 3 , CF 2 ═CFOCF 2 CF(CF 3 )OCF 2 CF 2 CF 3 ,
CF 2 ═CFOCF 2 CF(CF 3 )OCF 2 CF(CF 3 )OCF 2 CF 2 CF 3 , CF 2 ═CFOCF 2 CF 2 OCF 3 , and
CF 2 ═CFOCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 OCF 3 .
7. A method of improving stress crack resistance comprising the steps of:
a) providing a fluorothermoplastic composition comprising interpolymerized units derived from:
about 94 to about 97 mole percent (mol %) tetrafluoroethylene;
about 0.75 to about 3 mol % perfluoro (propyl vinyl ether); and
about 1.5 to about 3.5 mol % hexafluoropropylene;
wherein the fluorothermoplastic lacks a significant melt peak above 300° C. as measured via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); and/or a number of double flexure cycles to failure that fits the equation:
log(flex life cycles)≧0.71+4.0*(MFI (−0.294) );
b) shaping an article from the composition; and
c) exposing the article to a stress cracking agent.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the stress cracking agent is selected from alkanes, lower alcohols, or fluorinated surfactants.
9. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of exposing the article endures for at least 30 days without the occurrence of stress cracking.
10. The method of claim 7 wherein the resultant fluorothermoplastic additionally has at least one property selected from: a surface roughness below about 150 nm as measured by optical interferometry; a Stress Crack Resistance greater than a comparative fluorothermoplastic composition having a similar melt flow index; and a Stress Crack Resistance greater than a comparative fluorothermoplastic composition having a similar melt flow index and a higher level of PPVE.
11. The method of claim 7 further comprising one or more comonomers selected from the group consisting of:
CF 2 ═CFOCF 3 , CF 2 ═CFOCF 2 CF 3 , CF 2 ═CFOCF 2 CF(CF 3 )OCF 2 CF 2 CF 3 ,
CF 2 ═CFOCF 2 CF(CF 3 )OCF 2 CF(CF 3 )OCF 2 CF 2 CF 3 , CF 2 ═CFOCF 2 CF 2 OCF 3 , and
CF 2 ═CFOCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 OCF 3 .
12. The method of claim 7 wherein the article is selected from tubing, tube fittings, films, or coatings.