Impact pad for dividing and distributing liquid metal flow
A tundish impact pad for use in the continuous casting of molten metal is described that includes a base plate having an upper impact surface surrounded, at least in part, by a sidewall defining passageways. The impact pad is adapted to receive and deflect an incoming stream of molten metal, and permit outflow of the deflected stream through the passageways and the open top surface of the pad. Vaulted-stepped features surrounding the passageways and/or weir-like walls assist in directing the outflow. The division and distribution of the outflow facilitates the development of plug flow in the molten metal between the impact pad and the tundish outlet.
1. A tundish impact pad for use in continuous casting comprising:
a) a base plate having an impact surface adapted to receive and deflect an incoming stream of molten metal, the base plate having a periphery;
b) a sidewall extending upward from the base plate along at least a portion of the periphery and having an interior surface facing the impact surface, the sidewall defining a plurality of passageways surrounded by a vaulted-stepped architecture on the interior surface and adapted to permit at least a portion of the deflected incoming stream to exit through the passageways.
2. The tundish impact pad of claim 1 , wherein the sidewall completely encircles the periphery of the base plate, thereby defining an interior volume with an open top surface.
3. The tundish impact pad of claim 2 , wherein the sidewall comprises a plurality of facets, and each facet defines at least one passageway.
4. The tundish impact pad of claim 3 , wherein the sidewall includes eight facets.
5. The tundish impact pad of claim 1 , wherein the vaulted-stepped architecture comprises a first bounding surface arching over the passageway and a second bounding surface forming a step above the passageway.
6. The tundish impact pad of claim 2 , characterized by at least one weir-like wall extending up from the base plate, thereby separating the interior volume into a, plurality of chambers.
7. The tundish impact pad of claim 6 , wherein a receiving chamber is adapted to receive the incoming stream and is fluidly connected to at least one outflow chamber having an open top portion and a sidewall defining at least one passageway.
8. The tundish impact pad of claim 6 , wherein the weir-like wall extends up from the base plate on at least one leg, whereby the leg, wall and base plate define a perforation that permits fluid communication between chambers.
9. The tundish impact pad of claim 6 , wherein the weir-like wall includes a top surface and a depression on the top surface that permits fluid communication between chambers.
10. The tundish impact pad of claim 1 , wherein at least one weir-like wall extends up from the base plate.
11. A tundish impact pad for use in continuous casting comprising:
a) a base plate having an impact surface adapted to receive and deflect an incoming stream of molten metal, the base plate having a periphery;
b) a sidewall extending upward from the base plate at the periphery of the base plate and completely around the periphery, thereby defining an interior volume, the sidewall comprising a plurality of facets and an interior surface facing the impact surface, each facet defining a at least one passageway surrounded by a vaulted-stepped architecture on the interior surface and adapted to permit at least a portion of the deflected incoming stream to exit through the passageways.
12. The tundish impact pad of claim 11 , wherein the vaulted-stepped architecture comprises a first bounding surface arching over the passageway and a second bounding surface forming a step above the passageway.