Direct cellular energy delivery system
View Patent ↗A vesicle comprises ATP and a phospholipid which is a stable vesicle former. The vesicle has a fusion rate of at least 20 vesicle fusions/second.
1. A fusogenic vesicle, comprising:
ATP at a concentration of 1 mM to 50 mM,
a phospholipid which is a stable vesicle former, wherein the phospholipid is a phosphatidylcholine, and
at least one unstable vesicle forming member wherein the unstable vesicle forming member is PEG or a polar lipid having the structure of the formula (I) which is X-L-Z2,
wherein X is H or a head group comprising a polar group selected from the group consisting of formulas (III), (IV), (V), (VI), and (VII)
L is an alkyl, and each Z is independently H, E, or the structure of formula (XI),
wherein E is an alkyl or alkenyl, and when one Z is H, the other Z is not H, and
wherein the vesicle has a ratio of the stable vesicle former to the unstable vesicle forming member of 1:1 to 500:1 and a fusion rate of at least 20 vesicle fusions/second.
2. The vesicle of claim 1 , wherein the fusion rate is at least 10 3 vesicle fusions/second.
3. A method of delivering ATP to a cell, comprising contacting the cell with the vesicle of claim 1 .
4. A method of delivering ATP to a cell, comprising contacting the cell with the vesicle of claim 2 .
5. A method for treating a wound, comprising contacting the wound with a composition comprising the vesicle of claim 1 .
6. A method for treating a wound, comprising contacting the wound with a composition comprising the vesicle of claim 2 .
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the composition further comprises becaplermin.
8. The vesicle of claim 1 , wherein the fusion rate is at least 10 6 vesicle fusions/second.
9. The vesicle of claim 1 , wherein the at least one unstable vesicle forming member is PEG.
10. The method of claim 3 , wherein an amount of ATP delivered to the cell is sufficient to meet metabolic demand of the cell.
11. The method of claim 4 , wherein an amount of ATP delivered to the cell is sufficient to meet metabolic demand of the cell.
12. A method of preserving tissue, comprising contacting tissue with the vesicle of claim 1 .
13. A method of preserving tissue, comprising contacting tissue with the vesicle of claim 2 .
14. A method of improving the productivity of a bioreactor having at least one cell, comprising contacting the cell with the vesicle of claim 1 .
15. A method of improving the productivity of a bioreactor having at least one cell, comprising contacting the cell with the vesicle of claim 2 .
16. A vesicle, comprising
ATP, at a concentration of 1 mM to 50 mM
DOPC, and POPA wherein a ratio of DOPC:POPA is 1:1 to 500:1.
17. The vesicle of claim 16 , wherein a ratio of DOPC:POPA is 10:1 to 100:1.