Catalyst for hydrorefining and/or hydroconversion and its use in hydrotreatment processes for batches containing hydrocarbons
This invention relates to a catalyst for hydrorefining and/or hydroconversion of hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks that contain compounds whose boiling point is higher than 520° C. and that contain sulfur and possibly metals, as well as its use in hydrorefining and/or hydroconversion processes of heavy feedstocks. A petroleum residue of atmospheric distillation (RA) or of vacuum distillation (RSV) or a deasphalted oil (DAO) are representative feedstocks of the feedstocks treated within the scope of this invention.
1. A catalyst comprising
a porous substrate having mesopores, and
catalytic metal consisting essentially of, 1 to 30% by weight of at least one catalytic group VIB metal in a quantity expressed in % by weight of oxide relative to the weight of the final catalyst, and
above 0 to 2.2% by weight of at least one non-noble group VIII catalytic metal in a quantity expressed in % of oxide relative to the weight of the final catalyst
and wherein the atomic ratio between the non-noble group VIII element and the group VIB element is less than 0.4, the total pore volume, measured by mercury porosimetry, is between 0.5 and 1.5 cm 3 /g, and the distribution of mesopores of the substrate is centered on a diameter of 140 to 170 Å, and the specific surface of the catalyst is greater than 50 m 2 /g.
2. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the quantity of group VIB metal expressed in % by weight of oxide relative to the weight of the finished catalyst is between 5 and 20%.
3. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the group VIB metal is molybdenum or tungsten.
4. A catalyst according to claim 1 comprising molybdenum.
5. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the BET surface area is between 50 and 600 m 2 /g, and the pore volume in the pores with diameter greater than 500 521 is at least 0.1 cm 3 /g.
6. A catalyst according to claim 1 containing sulfur.
7. In a catalytic process of hydroconversion and/or hydrorefining of hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks containing compounds whose boiling point is higher than 520° C. and sulfur, the improvement wherein the catalyst is according to claim 1 .
8. A process of hydrorefining and/or hydroconversion of hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks according to claim 7 , operating in a fixed bed at a temperature of between 320 and 450° C., under a partial hydrogen pressure of about 3 MPa to about 30 MPa, at a volumetric flow rate of about 0.05 to 5 volumes of feedstock per volume of catalyst and per hour.
9. A process of hydrorefining and/or hydroconversion of hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks according to claim 7 , operating in a boiling bed at a temperature of between 320 and 470° C., under a partial hydrogen pressure of about 3 MPa to about 30 MPa, at a volumetric flow rate of about 0.1 to 10 volumes of feedstock per volume of catalyst and per hour.
10. A process according to claim 7 such that the feedstock used in the process is selected from the group consisting of atmospheric residues, vacuum residues resulting from direct distillation, deasphalted oils and residues resulting from conversion processes, said feedstock being used as is or diluted by a hydrocarbon-containing fraction or a mixture of hydrocarbon-containing fractions.
11. A process according to claim 7 , wherein part of the converted effluents recycled upstream from a unit performing the process.
12. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the quantity of non-noble group VIII elements expressed in % by weight of oxide relative to the weight of the finished catalyst is at least 0.1%.
13. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the quantity of non-noble group VIII elements expressed in % by weight of oxide relative to the weight of the finished catalyst is less than 2%.
14. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the quantity of non-noble group VIII elements expressed in % by weight of oxide relative to the weight of the finished catalyst is less than 1.9%.
15. A catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the non-noble group VIII metal is nickel or cobalt.
16. A catalyst according to claim 1 , comprising nickel and molybdenum.
17. A catalyst according to claim 16 , wherein the quantity of non-noble group VIII elements expressed in % by weight of oxide relative to the weight of the finished catalyst is less than 1.9%.
18. A catalyst according to claim 17 , wherein the quantity of group VIB metal expressed in % by weight of oxide relative to the weight of the finished catalyst is between 5 and 20%.
19. A process according to claim 18 , wherein the VIB metal is molybdenum or tungsten and the group VIII metal is nickel or cobalt.