Metal matrix composite structure and method
Compound preforms are provided having a first region, including a porous ceramic and a second region including a porous or solid ceramic in which the two regions differ in composition. The compound preform is infiltrated with a liquid metal which is then solidified to form a metal matrix composite.
1. A powered device, comprising:
a heat generating component;
a heat sink; and
a metal matrix composite in thermal communication with both the heat generating component and the heat sink, the metal matrix composite comprising:
a first region and a second region, wherein each of the regions comprises a porous ceramic infiltrated with a metal matrix, the porous ceramic of the first region and the porous ceramic of the second region differing in material composition, wherein the regions in the composite have different thermal conductivities.
2. The powered device of claim 1 , wherein the porous ceramic comprises silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, or a porous metal matrix composite.
3. The powered device of claim 1 , wherein the metal is aluminum or copper.
4. The powered device of claim 1 , wherein the second region comprises a first material and a second material, the first material having at least one void in which the second material is disposed.
5. The powered device of claim 4 , wherein the void extends part way or all the way across a thickness of the first material.
6. The powered device of claim 4 , wherein the second material protrudes beyond a surface of the first material.
7. The powered device of claim 4 , wherein a wall of the void is not perpendicular to a surface of the first region from which the void protrudes.
8. A powered device, comprising:
a heat generating component;
a heat sink; and
a metal matrix composite in thermal communication with both the heat generating component and the heat sink, the metal matrix composite comprising:
a first layer and a second layer, wherein each of the layers comprises a porous ceramic having a volume percent of particulates in the range of 10%–75% infiltrated with a metal matrix, the porous ceramic of the first layer and the porous ceramic of the second layer differing in volume percent of particulates, wherein the layers in the composite have different thermal conductivities.
9. A powered device, comprising:
a heat generating component;
a heat sink; and
a metal matrix composite in thermal communication with both the heat generating component and the heat sink, the metal matrix composite comprising
a first region and a second region, wherein the first region comprises a porous ceramic infiltrated with a metal matrix, and the second region comprises a material having a thermal conductivity of about 400 W/mK or greater, wherein the materials of the first region and the material of the second region differ in material composition, and wherein the regions in the composite have different thermal conductivities.
10. The powered device of claim 9 , wherein the material having a thermal conductivity of 400 W/mK or greater is selected from copper, pyrolytic graphite, carbon fiber, diamond, and cubic boron nitride.
11. The powered device of claim 9 , wherein the second region is fabricated as a plurality of spaced strips in a plane transverse to a direction from which heat from the heat generating device enters the metal matrix composite.
12. The powered device of claim 9 , wherein a thermally conductive material is disposed between the heat generating device and the metal matrix composite.
13. The powered device of claim 9 , wherein the heat generating device is an LED, a radar antenna, or a radar transmitter.
14. The powered device of claim 9 , wherein the second region comprises a plurality of materials, and wherein the second region has a thermal conductivity of about 400 W/mK or greater.