Catalysts for selective hydrogenation of alkynes and alkadienes
Catalysts have been discovered that are useful in hydrogenation reactions, and particularly for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene and/or methyl acetylene (MA) and/or propadiene (PD) in light olefin-rich feedstreams. These catalysts can selectively hydrogenate acetylene with less selectivity to making oligomers (green oil) as compared with existing commercial catalysts, particularly palladium catalysts. These catalysts are non-palladium catalysts, and have three different constituents that are metal or metal-based components. The metal of the first constituent may be nickel or platinum, the metal of the second constituent may be from Groups 1–10, and the metal of the third constituent may be from Groups 11–12, where the Groups are of the Periodic Table of Elements (new IUPAC notation).
1. A hydrogenation catalyst consisting of:
a first constituent of at least one metal or metal-based component where the metal is platinum; and
a second constituent of at least one metal or metal-based component where the metal is selected from the elements consisting of Groups 8–9 of the Periodic Table of Elements (new IUPAC notation);
a third constituent of at least one metal or metal-based component where the metal is selected from the elements consisting of Groups 11–12 of the Periodic Table of Elements (new IUPAC notation);
a fourth constituent of at least one support and/or binder selected from the group consisting of amorphous inorganic oxides, crystalline inorganic oxides, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron nitride, carbon, and combinations thereof; and
optionally a constituent selected from the group consisting of gallium, indium, tin, bismuth, oxygen, sulfur and mixtures thereof.
2. The hydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the metal in said second constituent is selected from Ir, Ru, and mixtures thereof.
3. The hydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the metal in said second constituent is Ru.
4. The hydrogenation catalyst of claim 3 , wherein the metal in said third constituent is silver.
5. The hydrogenation catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the metal in said third constituent is silver.