Salts of lewis acid/acid adducts and catalyst activators therefrom
A compound useful as a cocatalyst or cocatalyst component, especially for use as an addition polymerization catalyst compound, corresponding to the formula: (A* +a ) b (Z*J* j ) −c d , wherein: A* is a proton or a cation of from 1 to 80 atoms, preferably 1 to 60 atoms, not counting hydrogen atoms, said A* having a charge +a; Z* is an anion group of from 1 to 50 atoms, preferably 1 to 30 atoms, not counting hydrogen atoms, further containing two or more Lewis base sites, said Z* being the conjugate base of an inorganic Bronsted acid or a carbonyl- or non-cyclic, imino-group containing organic Bronsted acid; J* independently each occurrence is a Lewis acid of from 1 to 80 atoms, preferably 1 to 60 atoms, not counting hydrogen atoms, coordinated to at least one Lewis base site of Z*, and optionally two or more such J* groups may be joined together in a moiety having multiple Lewis acidic functionality; j is a number from 1 to 12; and a, b, c, and d are integers from 1 to 3, with the proviso that a×b is equal to c×d.
1. A compound corresponding to the formula: (A* +a ) b (Z*J* j ) −c d , wherein:
A* is a proton or a cation of from 1 to 80 atoms not counting hydrogen atoms, said A* having a charge +a;
Z* is an anion group of from 1 to 50 atoms not counting hydrogen atoms, further containing two or more Lewis base sites, said Z* being the conjugate base of an inorganic Bronsted acid or a carbonyl- or non-cyclic, imino-group containing organic Bronsted acid;
J* independently each occurrence is a Lewis acid of from 1 to 80 atoms not counting hydrogen atoms, coordinated to at least one Lewis base site of Z*, and optionally two or more such J* groups may be joined together in a moiety having multiple Lewis acidic functionality;
j is a number from 1to 12; and
a, b, c, and d are integers from 1 to 3, with the proviso that a×b is equal to c×d.
2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein Z* is selected from the group consisting of: NO 3 − , PO 4 3 − ′, SO 4 2 − , RSO 3 − , CO 3 2− , [RC(O)O] − , [RC(NR)NR] − , [R′C(O)CR′C(O)R′] − , [(R′C(O)) 3 C] − , [RC(NR)CRC(NR)R] − , and [(RC(NR)) 3 C] − ,
wherein each R is independently a hydrogen-; hydrocarbyl-; or halocarbyl- group; a hydrocarbyl group further substituted with one or more carbonyl-, halo-, hydroxy-, dialkylamino-, dialkylaluminumoxy-, trihydrocarbylsilyl-, trihydrocarbylsiloxy-, or hydrocarbyloxy- groups; or a halocarbyl group further substituted with one or more carbonyl-, hydroxy-, dialkylamino-, dialkylaluminumoxy-, trihydrocarbylsilyl-, trihydrocarbylsiloxy-, or hydrocarbyloxy- groups; and
each R′ is independently R or two R′ groups may be joined together thereby forming a divalent group.
3. A compound according to claim 1 wherein Z* is an acetylacetonate, cyclohexa-1,3-dionate, [RC(O)O] − or NO 3 −2 , wherein R is a C 6-24 hydrocarbyl group, or an indane-1,3-dione anion or methyl triacetyl anion of the following structure:
4. A compound according to claim 1 wherein A* +a is a proton or is selected from the group consisting of ammonium, sulfonium, phosphonium, oxonium, carbonium, silylium, ferrocenium, Ag + , and Pb +2 cations.
5. A compound according to claim 1 wherein A* +a is a trimethylammonium-, triethylammonium-, tripropylammonium-, tri(n-butyl)ammonium-, methyldi(C 14-18 alkyl)ammonium-, dimethyl(C 14-18 alkyl)ammonium-, N,N-dimethylanilinium-, N,N-diethylanilinium-, N,N-dimethyl(2,4,6-trimethylanilinium)-, N,N-di(tetradecyl)lanilinium-, N,N-di(tetradecyl)-2,4,6-trimethylanilinium)-, N,N-di(octadecyl)lanilinium-, N,N-di(octadecyl)-2,4,6-trimethylanilinium)-, or methyldicyclohexylammonium- cation.
6. A compound according to claim 1 wherein J* ′ is tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane or tris(pentafluorophenyl)alumane.
7. A compound according to claim 1 that is a bis(tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane)- coordinated derivative of a trihydrocarbylammonium stearate or a mono(tris(pentafluorophenyl)-borane)- coordinated derivative of a trihydrocarbylammonium stearate.
8. A composition of matter comprising a compound according to any one of claims 1 – 7 and an organoaluminum compound.
9. A composition of matter comprising the admixture or reaction product, optionally in an inert diluent, of an inorganic Bronsted acid or a carbonyl- or non-cyclic, imino-group-containing organic Bronsted acid; from one to twelve moles per mole of Bronsted acid of a Lewis acid of from 1 to 80 atoms, not counting hydrogen atoms; optionally an amine or phosphine containing Lewis base of from 1 to 80 atoms, not counting hydrogen atoms; and further optionally an organoaluminum compound.
10. A catalyst composition for polymerization of addition polymerizable monomers comprising the combination or reaction product resulting from combining: 1) a Group 3–10 or Lanthanide metal complex, 2) a compound according to any one of claims 1 – 7 , 3 ) optionally an organoaluminum compound, and further optionally 4) a solid, particulated support.
11. The catalyst composition of claim 10 wherein the organoaluminum compound is an alumoxane.
12. A catalyst composition for polymerization of addition polymerizable monomers comprising the combination or reaction product resulting from combining: 1) a Group 3–10 or Lanthanide metal complex, 2) a compound according to claim 8 , and optionally 3) a solid, particulated support.