Polyphosphazenes including ionic or ionizable moieties and fluorine-containing moieties
A polyphosphate polymer which includes both (i) ionic or ionizable moieties; and (ii) fluorine-containing moieties. Such polymers may be used as matrices for pharmaceuticals, as multilayer coatings for fuel cell membranes, as dopant for electrically conductive polymers, or as multilayer coatings for biomedical devices.
1. A polyphosphazene polymer having the formula:
wherein, in each monomeric unit of said polymer, each R is the same or different, and wherein at least a portion of the R groups are R 1 groups, and at least a portion of the R groups are R 2 groups,
wherein R 1 has the formula:
—Y 1 -X 1 -Z 1 ,
wherein Y 1 is oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur, X 1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkylaryl, allyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylarloxy, alkylamino, arylamino, and alkylarylamino, and Z 1 is an anionic moiety selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid moieties, sulfonic acid moieties, phosphonic acid moieties, or salts thereof:
R 2 has the formula:
—Y 2 -X 2 -Z 2 ,
wherein Y 2 is oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur, X 2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkylaryl, allyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylaryloxy, alkylamino, arylamino, and alkylarylamino, and Z 2 is a fluorine-containing moiety; and
n is from about 10 to about 300,000.
2. The polymer of claim 1 wherein n is from about 5,000 to about 20,000.
3. The polymer of claim 1 wherein each of Y 1 and Y 2 is oxygen.
4. The polymer of claim 1 wherein the ratio of R 1 to R 2 in said polymer is from 1:99 to 99:1.
5. The polymer of claim 1 wherein Z 2 is CF 3 or CF 2 H.
6. The polymer of claim 1 wherein at least a portion of said R groups are R 3 side groups, wherein said R 3 side groups are selected from the group consisting of side groups suitable for cross-linking said polymer, side groups to improve the mechanical properties of said polymer, biodegradable side groups, and side groups to improve water solubility and hydrophilicity of said polymer.
7. The polymer of claim 6 wherein said R 3 side group is a side group suitable for cross-linking said polymer.
8. The polymer of claim 7 wherein said side group suitable fro cross-linking said polymer is selected from the group consisting of eugenoxy groups, allyloxy groups, alkylphenoxy groups, chlorophenoxy goups, and chlorine.
9. The polymer of claim 6 wherein said R 3 side group is a side group to improve the mechanical properties of said polymer.
10. The polymer of claim 9 wherein said side groups to improve the mechanical properties of said polymer is selected from the group consisting of alkylphenoxy groups and phenylphenoxy groups.
11. The polymer of claim 6 wherein said R 3 side group is a side group is a biodegradable side group.
12. The polymer of claim 11 wherein said biodegradable side group is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, amino acids, amino acid esters, imidazolyl groups, glycinyl groups, glyceryl groups, glycosyl groups, and ethoxy groups.
13. The polymer of claim 6 wherein said R 3 side group is a side group that improves the water solubility and hydrophilicity of said polymer.
14. The polymer of claim 13 wherein said side group that improves the water solubility and hydrophilicity of said polymer is an alkylether side group.
15. A composition comprising a pharmaceutical and a matrix of the polymer of claim 1 .
16. A fuel cell membrane comprising the polymer of claim 1 .
17. A dopant for an electrically conductive polymer comprising the polymer of claim 1 .
18. A multilayer coating for a biomedical device comprising the polymer of claim 1 .
19. A in situ cross-linkable material for an injectable implant comprising the polymer of claim 1 .