Process for making polymers comprising derivatized carbon nanotubes and compositions thereof
The present invention incorporates new processes for blending derivatized carbon nanotubes into polymer matrices to create new polymer/composite materials. When modified with suitable chemical groups using diazonium chemistry, the nanotubes can be made chemically compatible with a polymer matrix, allowing transfer of the properties of the nanotubes (such as mechanical strength) to the properties of the composite material as a whole. To achieve this, the derivatized (modified) carbon nanotubes are physically blended with the polymeric material, and/or, if desired, allowed to react at ambient or elevated temperature. These methods can be utilized to append functionalities to the nanotubes that will further covalently bond to the host polymer matrix, or directly between two tubes themselves. Furthermore, the nanotubes can be used as a generator of polymer growth, wherein the nanotubes are derivatized with a functional group that is an active part of a polymerization process, which would also result in a composite material in which the carbon nanotubes are chemically involved.
1. A method for making a polymer material comprising:
(a) derivatizing carbon nanotubes with functional moieties to form derivatized carbon nanotubes, wherein the functional moieties are derivatized to the carbon nanotubes utilizing a diazonium specie;
(b) dispersing the derivatized carbon nanotubes in a polymer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are single-wall carbon nanotubes.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the functional moieties are chemically bound to the polymer.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the functional moieties are not chemically bound to the polymer.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the functional moieties are removed after the dispersing step.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the removal step comprises heating the dispersal, of the derivatized carbon nanotubes and the polymer to a temperature at least about 250° C.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the removal step comprises heating the dispersal of the derivatized carbon nanotubes and the polymer to a temperature at least about 600° C.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the functional moiety is operable to react with a curing agent.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the polymer comprises the curing agent.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the curing agent is dispersed in the dispersal of the derivatized carbon nanotubes and the polymer.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the curing agent comprises an agent selected from the group consisting of diamines, polymercaptans, and phenol containing materials.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the functional moiety is operable to react with a epoxy portion.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the polymer comprises the epoxy portion.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises an elastomer.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises a thermoplastic.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises a thermoset.