Propagation delay variation for a distributed optical modulator driver
Propagation delay variations for a distributed optical modulator driver are described. In one example, a system includes a signal distribution network, a plurality of output driver stages coupled to the signal distribution network, a waveguide coupled to the outputs of the output drive stages to receive a voltage across the waveguide, and a plurality of delay cells between the distribution network and the plurality of output driver stages to apply a differential delay to the output stages.
1. An optical modulator comprising:
a signal distribution network;
a plurality of output driver stages coupled to the signal distribution network;
a waveguide coupled to the outputs of the output drive stages to receive a voltage across the waveguide; and
a plurality of adjustable delay cells between the distribution network and the plurality of output driver stages to apply a differential delay to the output stages, the adjustable delay cells being set to compensate for the optical transmission properties of the waveguide.
2. The modulator of claim 1 , wherein the distribution network comprises a tapped transmission line.
3. The modulator of claim 1 , wherein the delay cells vary in delay linearly along the distribution network.
4. The modulator of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of output driver stages form an output driver chain and wherein the delay cells vary in delay linearly along the distribution network.
5. The modulator of claim 1 , wherein each of the output driver stages produce a negative output and a positive output, wherein the waveguide has two discrete parallel paths and wherein the negative outputs are coupled to one path and the positive outputs are coupled to the other parallel path.
6. The modulator of claim 1 , wherein the driver stages, delay cells and waveguide are integrated on a single silicon substrate.
7. The modulator of claim 1 , wherein the phase modulators each comprise a pair of charge carrying oxide layers.
8. The modulator of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide is formed of a silicon material, the phase modulators are formed of an oxide silicon and the local amplifiers are formed of a metal oxide semiconductor material.
9. The modulator of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide is formed of doped polysilicon and the phase modulators comprise a plurality of complementary metal oxide semiconductor transistors with gates across the waveguide.
10. An optical transmitter comprising:
an input data multiplexer;
an optical source;
a plurality of output driver stages coupled to the signal distribution network;
a waveguide coupled to the outputs of the output drive stages to receive a voltage across the waveguide; and
a plurality of adjustable delay cells between the distribution network and the plurality of output driver stages to apply a differential delay to the output stages, the adjustable delay cells being set to compensate for the optical transmission properties of the waveguide.
11. The transmitter of claim 10 , wherein the delay cells vary in delay linearly along the distribution network.
12. The transmitter of claim 10 , wherein the phase modulators each comprise a pair of charge carrying oxide layers.
13. The modulator of claim 10 , wherein the waveguide is formed of doped polysilicon and the phase modulators comprise a plurality of complementary metal oxide semiconductor transistors with gates across the waveguide.
14. A method comprising:
forming a polysilicon optical waveguide on a silicon substrate;
forming a plurality of oxide phase modulators on the silicon substrate to drive an electrical field into the waveguide;
forming a signal distribution network on the silicon substrate;
forming a plurality of output driver stages on the silicon substrate coupled to the signal distribution network; and
forming a plurality of adjustable delay cells on the silicon substrate between the distribution network and the plurality of output driver stages to apply a differential delay to the output stages, the adjustable delay cells being set to compensate for the optical transmission properties of the waveguide.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein forming the distribution network comprises forming a tapped transmission line.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein forming the polysilicon waveguide further comprises forming the waveguide over a layer of doped silicon and doping the polysilicon complementary to the doped silicon layer.