Method of enchancing electrontransport polypeptide flux by amino acid substitution with histidine
Methods of modifying polypeptide drugs in order to enhance their transdermal electrotransport flux are provided. The polypeptide is modified by substituting a histidine residue (His) for one or more glutamine (Gln), threonine (Thr) and/or asparagine (Asn) residue(s). The His for Gln substitution is particularly preferred from the standpoint of retaining biological activity of the parent polypeptide. Compositions containing the modified polypeptide, which are useful for transdermal electrotransport delivery, are also provided.
1. A method for delivering a pharmaceutical polypeptide agent through a body surface comprising:
(a) preparing a synthetic analog of the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone (SEQ ID NO:8) by replacing at least one glutamine residue at position 16, 30, 31, or 36 of the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone with a histidine residue; and
(b) delivering the synthetic analog through the body surface by electrotransport.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the synthetic analog is prepared by replacing the glutamine residues at positions 31 and 36 of the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone with histidine residues.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the synthetic analog has increased hydrophilicity and electrophoretic mobility relative to that of the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the synthetic analog exhibits at least about the same type and amount of biological activity as the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the overall charge of the synthetic analog is positive at a pH in the range of about 5 to 6 but substantially isoelectric at pH 7.4.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the synthetic analog has a greater positive charge at a pH in the range of about 5 to 6 than the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the synthetic analog is provided in the form of an anodic donor reservoir formulation for delivering the synthetic analog through the body surface by electrotransport, the formulation having a pH in the range of about 3.5 to about 8.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the formulation used for delivering the synthetic analog by electrotransport has a pH in the range of about 5 to about 6.
9. A method for delivering a pharmaceutical polypeptide agent through a body surface comprising:
(a) preparing a synthetic analog of the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone (SEQ ID NO:8) by replacing at least two glutamine residues at positions 16, 24, 30, 31, or 36 of the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone with histidine residues; and
(b) delivering the synthetic analog through the body surface by electrotransport.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the synthetic analog is prepared by replacing the glutamine residues at positions 16, 24, 30, and 31 of the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone with histidine residues.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein the synthetic analog has increased hydrophilicity and electrophoretic mobility relative to that of the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone.
12. The method of claim 9 wherein the synthetic analog exhibits at least about the same type and amount of biological activity as the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone.
13. The method of claim 9 wherein the overall charge of the synthetic analog is positive at a pH in the range of about 5 to 6 but substantially isoelectric at pH 7.4.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the synthetic analog has a greater positive charge at a pH in the range of about 5 to 6 than the parent human growth hormone releasing hormone.
15. The method of claim 9 wherein the synthetic analog is provided in the form of an anodic donor reservoir formulation for delivering the synthetic analog through the body surface by electrotransport, the formulation having a pH in the range of about 3.5 to about 8.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the formulation used for delivering the synthetic analog by electrotransport has a pH in the range of about 5 to about 6.