Combined photocoagulation and photodynamic therapy
A method for treating a lesion of an animal, the animal having at least one vessel that carries blood to the lesion, comprising locating the vessel, administering a composition comprising a photodynamic agent, applying energy to the vessel to photocoagulate the vessel and thereby reduce the rate at which the treatment composition exits said lesion and applying energy to said lesion, of a type and an amount sufficient to excite the photodynamic agent, causing the lesion to undergo photodynamic therapy. Preferably, a dye that is both a fluorescent dye and a radiation absorbing dye, such as indocyanine green dye, is added to the treatment composition to allow (a) confirmation of the presence of the treatment composition in the lesion to be detected by fluorescent angiography and (b) the rate of blow flow to be reduced in the blood vessel feeding the lesion using dye enhanced photocoagulation.
1. A method for treating a lesion in an animal, said animal having at least one blood vessel that carries blood to said lesion, comprising:
(i) locating said blood vessel;
(ii) administering a treatment composition comprising a dye and a photodynamic agent selected from the group consisting of hematoporphyrin, an aminolevulinic acid, a porphyrin, a mercocyanine, a porphycene, porfimer sodium, a verteporfin, Photofrin II™, PH-10™, a chlorin, a zinc phthalocyanine, a purpurin, and a pheophorbide, said photodynamic agent being suitable for photodynamic therapy;
(iii) after step (ii), applying energy to said blood vessel, of a type and in an amount sufficient to reduce or stop the rate of blood flow through said blood vessel thereby reducing the rate at which said treatment composition exits said lesion; and
(iv) irradiating said dye to confirm that the lesion is at least partially filled with said treatment composition;
(iv) after step (v), applying energy to said lesion, of a type and in an amount sufficient to excite said photodynamic agent.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the animal is a human.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said lesion is an age related macular degeneration associated choroidal neovascularization in a human.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said treatment composition is administered intravenously as a bolus.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein said intravenous administration of said treatment composition is followed by intravenously administering a saline flush.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said treatment composition is administered by intravenously infusing said treatment composition over a predefined time interval.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein step (iii) is performed after a pre-defined time interval following step (ii).
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said treatment composition is administered using a heat-sensitive liposomes.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said locating of said blood vessel is carried out using fluorescent dye angiography comprising:
(a) administering a visualizing composition comprising a fluorescent dye;
(b) applying energy of a type and in an amount sufficient to cause said fluorescent dye to fluoresce as said fluorescent dye flows through the blood vessel; and
(c) obtaining at least one angiographic image of the fluorescent dye in the blood vessel sufficient to locate said blood vessel that carries blood into said lesion.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein said fluorescent dye is indocyanine green dye.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said dye is indocyanine green dye.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:
(a) prior to step (iii), there is an additional step of administering a radiation absorbing dye suitable for dye-enhanced photocoagulation; and
(b) thereby step (iii) results in dye enhanced photocoagulation of said blood vessel.
13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein said administering of radiation absorbing dye is achieved by said radiation absorbing dye forming part of said treatment composition.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein step (iii) comprises exciting a radiation-absorbing dye.