System and method of gas energy management for particle flotation and separation
A system for separating particles from a contaminated liquid stream includes an apparatus for mixing the liquid with one or more separation enhancement additives and gases. A pressure reducing device having a flow restrictor element within an enlarged tube receives the mixed liquid and creates bubble laden floccs by reducing the pressure of the liquid stream. The pressure reducing device empties into a bloom chamber of a flotation tank, where the bubble laden floccs are directed upwardly to an upper portion of the flotation tank. The flotation tank is configured such that the bubble laden floccs circulate within the upper portion of the flotation tank until they float to the upper surface, while decontaminated liquid flows to a lower portion of the tank for removal. A skimmer removes the floated contaminated floccs from the upper surface of the flotation tank into a dewatering apparatus.
1. A method for separating particles from a contaminated liquid stream by flotation, comprising the steps of:
mixing the liquid with a separation enhancement additive and a gas using a mixing apparatus having a reactor head including a gas injection port and a plurality of liquid ports configured to impart a spinning motion to the liquid as it passes from the reactor head to a downtube of the apparatus;
creating bubble laden floccs in the liquid by reducing the pressure of the mixed liquid stream using a pressure reducing device comprised of an enlarged tube having a flow restrictor element therein;
altering the flow of the liquid stream to the pressure reducing device based on a monitoring of the pressure of the liquid stream;
directing the bubble laden floccs upwardly into a bloom chamber of a flotation tank;
circulating the bubble laden floccs in an upper portion of a separation chamber of the flotation tank until they rise to an upper surface of the flotation tank, wherein the decontaminated liquid flows to a lower portion of the separation chamber of the flotation tank;
removing the decontaminated liquid through an outlet formed in a lower portion of the flotation tank;
removing the floated contaminate floccs from the upper surface of the flotation tank using a skimmer; and
dewatering the removed contaminated floccs.
2. The method of claim 1 , including the step of altering the velocity and volume of the liquid passing through the mixing apparatus by restricting the flow of liquid through the liquid ports.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the flow restrictor element comprises an apertured plate.
4. The method of claim 3 , including the step of selecting the size and the number of apertures in the plate according to a predetermination of characteristics of the contaminated liquid.
5. The method of claim 1 , including the step of adjusting a wall disposed between the bloom chamber and separation chamber of the flotation tank.
6. The method of claim 1 , including the step of passing the decontaminated liquid through an apertured wall disposed within the separation chamber of the flotation tank above a floor thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , including the step of passing the decontaminated liquid through a chamber in fluid communication with the lower decontaminated liquid outlet, and adjusting wall within the chamber to selectively control the volume of decontaminated liquid removed through the outlet.