Treatment of chemical agent hydrolysates
The present invention relates generally to the destruction of chemical weapons. In particular, the present invention relates to methods for treating hydrolysates of chemical agents. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method comprising oxidizing a hydrolysate of a chemical agent to produce an aqueous layer and an organic layer, the aqueous layer comprising an organophosphorus concentration and the organic layer comprising an organosulfur concentration, and separating the organic layer from the aqueous layer.
1. A method of treating a hydrolysate of a chemical agent, comprising:
oxidizing a hydrolysate of a chemical agent to form an aqueous layer and an organic layer, the aqueous layer comprising an organophosphorus concentration and the organic layer comprising an organosulfur concentration; and
separating the organic layer from the aqueous layer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein organophosphorus concentration comprises methyl phosphonic acid.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the organophosphorus concentration further comprises ethylmethyl phosphonic acid.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organosulfur concentration comprises disulfide compounds.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chemical agent comprises at least one of VX and RVX nerve agent.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing the organophosphorus concentration from the aqueous layer to produce a depleted organophosphorus aqueous layer.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein removing the organophosphorus concentration from the aqueous layer comprises:
oxidizing the organophosphorus concentration;
precipitating the oxidized organophosphorus concentration from the aqueous layer; and
separating the precipitated organophosphorus concentration from the aqueous layer.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the aqueous layer comprises a pH from about 4.5 to about 6.0.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein precipitating comprises adding a precipitating agent to the aqueous layer.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the precipitating agent comprises an iron source.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein separating the precipitated oxidized organophosphorus concentration from the aqueous layer comprises filtering the aqueous layer.
12. The method of claim 7 , further comprising disposing of the removed phosphorus concentration.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein disposing comprises placing the removed organophosphorus concentration in a landfill.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing the organosulfur concentration from the organic layer.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein removing the organosulfur concentration from the organic layer comprises:
oxidizing the organosulfur concentration of the organic layer to form a single aqueous layer;
combining the single aqueous layer with the depleted organophosphorus aqueous layer and biological material to produce a mixture; and
biologically degrading the mixture.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the organic layer comprises a pH from about 3 to 5.
17. The method of claim 15 , further comprising disposing of the biologically degraded mixture.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein disposing of the biologically degraded mixture comprises:
filtering the mixture to produce an effluent and a solid phase;
discharging the effluent into a water source; and
placing the solid phase in a landfill.
19. A method of treating a hydrolysate of a chemical agent, comprising:
oxidizing the hydrolysate of a chemical agent to form an aqueous layer and an organic layer, the aqueous layer comprising an organophosphorus concentration and the organic layer comprising an organosulfur concentration;
separating the organic layer from the aqueous layer;
removing the organophosphorus concentration from the aqueous layer; and
removing the organosulfur concentration from the organic layer.
20. A method of treating a hydrolysate of a chemical agent, comprising:
oxidizing a hydrolysate of a chemical agent to form an aqueous layer and an organic layer, the aqueous layer comprising an organophosphorus concentration and the organic layer comprising an organosulfur concentration, and oxidizing and precipitating the organophosphorus concentration from the aqueous layer.
21. A method of treating a hydrolysate of a chemical agent, comprising:
oxidizing an organophosphorus concentration of a chemical agent hydrolysate solution, comprising contacting the organophosphorus concentration with an oxidizing agent, a metal catalyst selected from iron, magnesium, and combinations of these, and optional pH adjusting chemical species; and
precipitating the oxidized organophosphorus concentration from the hydrolysate solution.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the oxidized organophosphorus concentration is precipitated as an iron-phosphorous polymer.
23. The method of claim 21 , wherein the chemical agent comprises at least one of VX, RVX, Sarin (GB), Soman (GD), and Tabun (GA).
24. A method for destroying chemical agents capable of use as chemical weapons comprising
oxidizing a hydrolysate of a chemical agent to form an aqueous layer and an organic layer, the aqueous layer comprising an organophosphorus concentration and the organic layer comprising an organosulfur concentration; and
separating the organic layer from the aqueous layer.
25. The method of claim 24 wherein the chemical agent is a nerve agent.
26. The method of claim 25 wherein the nerve agent comprises at least one of VX, RVX, Sarin, Soman or Tabun.