Aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene and process for its production
An aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) comprising from 55 to 70 mass % of PTFE fine particles having an average particle diameter of from 0.1 to 0.5 μm, from 0.0001 to 0.02 mass %, based on PTFE, of a specific C8 fluorine-containing carboxylic acid salt (APFO) such as ammonium perfluorooctanoate, from 1 to 20 mass %, based on PTFE, of a specific nonionic surfactant and from 0.01 to 0.3 mass %, based on PTFE, of a specific C 5-7 fluorine-containing carboxylic acid salt such as ammonium perfluorohexanoate. The aqueous dispersion of PTFE has excellent properties which can form crack-resistant coatings which do not undergo coloration during baking or form problematic ionic impurities by improving the friction stability of aqueous PTFE dispersions even at APFO concentrations without viscosity increase.
1. An aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene comprising:
from 55 to 70 mass % of polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles having an average particle diameter of from 0.1 to 0.5 μm,
from 0.0001 to 0.02 mass %, based on polytetrafluoroethylene, of a fluorine-containing carboxylic acid salt represented by the formula (1),
from 1 to 20 mass %, based on polytetrafluoroethylene, of a nonionic surfactant represented by the formula (2) and/or the formula (3), and
from 0.01 to 0.3 mass %, based on polytetrafluoroethylene, of a fluorine-containing carboxylic acid salt represented by the formula (4);
wherein formulas (1)-(4) are:
formula (1): R 1 —COOX, wherein R 1 is a C 7 alkyl group having fluorine atoms instead of from 90 to 100% of the hydrogen atoms (which may contain from 1 to 2 ether oxygen atoms), and X is an ammonium ion;
formula (2): R 2 —O-A-H, wherein R 2 is a C 8-18 alkyl group, and A is a polyoxyalkylene chain consisting of from 5 to 20 oxyethylene groups and from 0 to 2 oxypropylene groups;
formula (3): R 3 —C 6 H 4 —O—B—H, wherein R 3 is a C 4-12 alkyl group, and B is a polyoxyalkylene chain consisting of from 5 to 20 oxyethylene groups; and
formula (4): R 4 —COOY, wherein R 4 is a C 4-6 alkyl group having fluorine atoms replacing from 30 to 100% of the hydrogen atoms and which may contain from 1 to 2 ether oxygen atoms, and Y is a cationic group represented by the formula {HO(CH 2 ) n } z N + H 4-z , wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 4, and z is an integer of from 0 to 4.
2. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene according to claim 1 , comprising a fluorine-containing carboxylic acid salt represented by the formula (1) that is perfluorocarboxylic ammonium.
3. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene according to claim 1 , comprising a nonionic surfactant represented by the formula (2), where R 2 is a C 12-16 alkyl group, and A is a hydrophilic polyoxyalkylene chain consisting of from 7 to 12 oxyethylene groups and from 0.5 to 1.5 polyoxypropylene groups.
4. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene according to claim 1 , comprising a nonionic surfactant represented by the formula (3), where R 3 is a C 6-10 alkyl group, and B is a hydrophilic group consisting of from 7 to 12 oxyethylene groups.
5. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene according to claim 1 , comprising a fluorine-containing carboxylic acid salt represented by the formula (4), where R 4 is a C 4 alkyl group.
6. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene according to claim 1 , comprising a fluorine-containing carboxylic acid salt represented by the formula (1) that is ammonium perfluorohexanoate.
7. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene according to claim 1 , comprising a fluorine-containing carboxylic acid salt represented by the formula (4) that is ammonium perfluorohexanoate.
8. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula (4), where R 4 is a C 4-6 alkyl group that contains 1-2 ether oxygen atoms.
9. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula (4), where R 4 is a C 4-6 alkyl group that does not contain ether oxygen atoms.
10. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula (4), wherein R 4 is a C 5 alkyl group.
11. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula (4), wherein R 4 is a C 6 alkyl group.
12. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula (4), wherein Y is a cationic group represented by the formula {HO(CH 2 ) n } z N + H 4-z , wherein z is an integer of 0.
13. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula (4), wherein Y is a cationic group represented by the formula {HO(CH 2 ) n } z N + H 4-z , wherein z is an integer of 1.
14. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula (4), wherein Y is a cationic group represented by the formula {HO(CH 2 ) n } z N + H 4-z , wherein z is an integer of 2.
15. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula (4), wherein Y is a cationic group represented by the formula {HO(CH 2 ) n } z N + H 4-z , wherein z is an integer of 3.
16. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula (4), wherein Y is a cationic group represented by the formula {HO(CH 2 ) n } z N + H 4-z , wherein z is an integer of 4.
17. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains at least one compound of formula (4) selected from the group consisting of C 4 F 9 COONH 4 , C 5 F 11 COONH 4 , C 6 F 13 COONH 4 and HC 5 F 10 COONH 4 .
18. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains at least one compound of formula (4) selected from the group consisting of (CF 3 ) 2 CF(CH 2 ) 2 COONH 3 (C 2 H 4 OH), C 5 F 11 COONH 3 C 2 H 4 OH, and HC 5 F 10 COONH(C 2 H 4 OH) 3 .
19. The aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 , which contains at least one compound of formula (4) selected from the group consisting of C 4 F 9 OCF 2 COONH 4 and C 2 F 5 OC 2 F 4 OCF 2 COONH 4 .
20. A product comprising a coating produced using the dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene of claim 1 .