Cooled plasma torch and method for cooling the torch
The invention relates to a cooled plasma torch comprising an electrode, a plasma chamber surrounding the electrode, and a coolant space surrounding the plasma chamber with at least one common wall with the plasma chamber. The plasma torch further comprises means for feeding a coolant medium into the coolant space. The coolant medium pressure is reduced in a fashion that causes a phase change in the coolant medium as it is passed from the coolant feed means to the coolant space, whereby the plasma torch is cooled.
1. A cooled plasma torch comprising:
a plasma torch handle,
an electrode,
a plasma chamber surrounding the electrode,
a plasma gas feeding means for feeding plasma gas into the plasma chamber,
a coolant space surrounding the plasma chamber with at least one common wall with the plasma chamber,
a coolant feeding means for feeding a coolant medium into the coolant space separately from feeding of plasma gas into the plasma chamber, and
a pressure reducing means for reducing the pressure of the coolant medium in a fashion that causes a phase change in the coolant medium as it is passed from said pressure reducing means to said coolant space,
wherein said plasma torch handle incorporates at least one valve for controlling coolant medium flow to the coolant feeding means.
2. The plasma torch of claim 1 , wherein said pressure reducing means is an evaporation nozzle exiting into said coolant space.
3. The plasma torch of claim 1 , wherein said pressure reducing means is a channel formed into said coolant space.
4. The plasma torch of claim 1 , wherein said pressure reducing means is a porous material adapted into said coolant space.
5. The plasma torch of claim 1 , wherein the coolant medium is a liquefied gas that regains its gaseous form in said phase change.
6. The plasma torch of claim 5 , wherein the coolant medium is carbon dioxide.
7. The plasma torch of claim 1 , further comprising an electrode holder with a bore for accommodating an electrode bushing, wherein said electrode bushing is provided with a groove serving to form in cooperation with said bore a flow channel suited for passing therethrough a plasma gas into said plasma chamber.
8. The plasma torch of claim 1 , comprising means for reliquefication of said coolant medium.
9. A method for cooling a plasma torch having a plasma chamber, the method comprising:
supplying plasma gas into the plasma chamber,
supplying a coolant medium into a coolant space surrounding the plasma chamber of the plasma torch, the coolant medium having at least a liquid phase and a gaseous phase,
feeding the coolant medium in liquid phase into the plasma torch,
controlling coolant medium flow into the coolant space, and
reducing the pressure of the coolant medium at the instant it enters the coolant space so much as to convert the coolant medium into gaseous form,
and wherein the supplying of the coolant medium into the coolant space is separate from the supplying of the plasma gas into the plasma chamber.
10. The method of claim 9 , whereby there is used a coolant medium pressurized into liquid form from its natural gaseous form at room temperature.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the coolant medium is carbon dioxide.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the coolant medium discharged in gaseous form is recovered and reliquefied back into liquid form by compression.