Recombinant viruses of the paramyxoviridae family with heterologous envelope glycoproteins
The invention provides recombinant viruses comprising heterologous envelope proteins capable of mediating entry of the recombinant viruses into host cells. In one embodiment, a recombinant virus of the invention is a member of the Paramyx - ovirzdae family (e.g., a respiratory syncytial virus), and the heterologous envelope protein includes the ectodomain of a baculovirus envelope protein (e.g., the GP64 protein). In some cases, the heterologous envelope protein is provided in addition to homologous envelope proteins) which may or may not be functional. The heterologous protein can provide the recombinant virus with enhanced stability (e.g., at 4° C., 22° C., or 37° C.), and allows production of high-titer virus stocks. The heterologous protein can also impart temperature sensitivity to the replication of the recombinant virus. In addition, the recombinant virus can be designed to be infectious but incapable of spreading between host cells by providing the heterologous protein by complementation in trans. These features attenuate the disease-causing potential of the recombinant virus, therefore increasing its safety of use as vaccines.
1. A recombinant, live, attenuated virus of the Paramyxoviridae family comprising a baculovirus GP 64 envelope glycoprotein capable of mediating entry of said recombinant virus into a mammalian cell; wherein said recombinant, live, attenuated virus maintains infective stability when stored at above 0° C. for at least 3.5 days.
2. The recombinant, live, attenuated virus of claim 1 , wherein the baculovirus GP 64 envelope glycoprotein comprises an ectodomain and a transmembrane domain of the baculovirus GP 64 glycoprotein and a C-terminal sequence of a respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein F.
3. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the recombinant, live, attenuated virus of claim 1 , wherein said pharmaceutical composition has been stored at above 0° C. for at least 3.5 days.
4. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the recombinant, live, attenuated virus of claim 3 , wherein the composition has been stored at above 0° C. for at least 3.5 days, wherein infectivity of said recombinant, live, attenuated virus at the end of said at least 3.5 days is at least 60% of that at the beginning of said at least 3.5 days, and wherein the average infectivity of wild-type human respiratory syncytial virus A 2 strain, when stored at above 0° C. for at least 3.5 days is reduced by more than 40%.
5. The recombinant, live, attenuated virus of claim 1 , wherein said recombinant, live, attenuated virus further comprises or encodes an immunogenic epitope of a mammalian pathogen.
6. The recombinant, live, attenuated virus of claim 1 , wherein said baculovirus GP 64 envelope glycoprotein comprises a heterologous cytoplasmic tail.
7. An enveloped recombinant, live, attenuated virus of the Paramyxoviridae family comprising a heterologous envelope protein baculovirus GP 64 , wherein said envelope protein is capable of mediating entry of the recombinant virus into a mammalian cell, wherein the recombinant virus has been stored for at least 3.5 days, wherein infectivity of the recombinant virus at the end of said at least 3.5 days is at least 60% of that at the beginning of said at least 3.5 days, and wherein the average infectivity of a wild-type virus of the same species as the recombinant virus, when stored the same as the recombinant virus for said at least 3.5 days, is reduced by more than 40%.
8. The recombinant, live, attenuated virus of claim 7 , wherein said virus has been stored at above 0° C. for said at least 3.5 days.
9. A recombinant, live, attenuated respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) comprising a baculovirus GP 64 envelope glycoprotein capable of mediating entry of said recombinant RSV into a mammalian cell; wherein said envelope protein comprises an ectodomain of a baculovirus envelope GP 64 protein; wherein said recombinant RSV lacks endogenous RSV small hydrophobic protein; and wherein said recombinant RSV maintains infectivity after storage at temperature or temperatures at above 0° C. cumulatively for at least 3.5 days.