Preparation of phytase-containing granulates for use in animal feed
A process for the preparation of an enzyme-containing granulate is disclosed where an aqueous enzyme-containing liquid is mixed with an edible carbohydrate-based solid carrier, such as starch, mechanically processed into granules, and subsequently dried. This enzyme granulate is suitable for the manufacture of animal feed compositions by mixing feed ingredients with the granulate, treating with steam and pelleting. The compositions optimally show improved enzyme stability during the pelleting process.
1. A process for the preparation of a phytase-containing granulate suitable for use in an animal feed comprising:
(a) mixing a phytase, a solid carrier comprising at least 50% (w/w) of starch, and water;
(b) mechanically processing the mixture resulting from (a) to obtain phytase-containing granules having a water content of 30% to 40%; and
(c) drying the phytase-containing granules obtained in (b);
wherein the granulate is free from starch-degrading enzymes: wherein the granulate has a phytase activity of from 5870 to 8470 FTU per gram; and
wherein the granulate is free from soap and detergent.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the water and phytase are provided as a phytase-containing aqueous liquid and wherein the liquid is a filtrate derived from a fermentation process resulting in production of the phytase.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the granules are formed using mechanical processing comprising a method selected from the group consisting of extruding, pelleting, high-shear granulating, expanding, and fluid bed agglomerating.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein step (a) further comprises mixing a phytase-containing aqueous liquid and the solid carrier, and kneading the resulting mixture.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein granules are formed by extrusion performed: (a) at low pressure; (b) in a basket- or dome- extruder; or (c) by both (a) and (b).
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the granules obtained are spheronised prior to drying.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the granulate obtained in step (c) is subsequently coated.
8. The process according to claim 7 , wherein the granulate is coated with one or more of a fat, wax, polymer, salt, inguent, ointment, or a coating containing a second enzyme.
9. A phytase-containing granulate produced by the process of claim 1 .
10. The granulate of claim 9 , wherein the granules comprise at least one divalent cation.
11. The granulate of claim 9 , wherein the granules comprise one or more hydrophobie, gel-forming or water insoluble compound(s).
12. The granulate of claim 11 , wherein the hydrophobic, gel-forming or water insoluble compound comprises a component selected from the group consisting of a cellulose, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and an edible oil.
13. The granulate of claim 12 , wherein:
(a) the cellulose is a derivatized cellulose selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl-propyl-methyl-cellulose, carboxy-methyl-cellulose, and hydroxyl-ethyl-cellulose;
(b) the edible oil is soy oil or canola oil; or
(c) the derivatized cellulose is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl-propyl-methyl-cellulose, carboxy-methyl cellulose, and hydroxyl-ethyl-cellulose, and the edible oil is soy oil or canola oil.
14. The granulate of claim 9 , wherein the granulate is coated.
15. The granulate of claim 14 , wherein the granulate is coated with one or more of a fat, wax, polymer, salt, inguent, ointment, or a coating containing a second enzyme.
16. A composition containing the phytase-containing granulate of claim 9 .
17. The composition of claim 16 , which is an edible feed composition.
18. The composition of claim 16 , which is an animal feed.
19. A process for promoting the growth of an animal comprising feeding an animal with a diet that comprises the composition of claim 16 .
20. A composition which comprises pellets of one or more feed substance(s) or ingredient(s) mixed with the granulate of claim 9 .
21. The composition of claim 20 , wherein the ratio of granulate:
feed substance(s) or ingredients is at most about 1g: 1 kilogram.
22. The composition of claim 20 , wherein at least about 100 ppm of said granulate is contained by said feed substance or ingredients.
23. A process for the preparation of an animal feed or a premix comprising mixing the granulate of claim 9 with one or more animal feed substance(s) or ingredient(s).
24. The process of claim 23 , wherein the mixture of feed substance(s) and granulate is sterilized or treated with steam, and is pelletised.
25. The process of claim 24 , wherein after pelletisation the mixture is dried.
26. A composition which is an animal feed or a premix prepared by the process of claim 23 .
27. A process for promoting the growth of an animal, wherein said process comprises feeding said animal with the composition of claim 26 .
28. A process for promoting the growth of an animal, wherein said process comprises feeding said animal with the granulate of claim 9 .
29. The process of claim 1 , wherein the granulate has a phytase activity of 8470 FTU per gram.
30. A method for improving the pelleting stability of a phytase comprising
formulating said phytase in a granulate composition comprising a solid carrier comprising at least about 50% (w/w) of starch as a carrier for said phytase, wherein the water content of the composition is 30% to 40% before drying; and
subsequently drying the granulate composition,
wherein the granulate composition is free from starch-degrading enzymes;
wherein the granulate has a phytase activity of from about 5870 to 8470 FTU per gram, and
wherein the granulate composition is free from soap and detergent.
31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the granulate has a phytase activity of 8470 FTU per gram.
32. A process for the preparation of a phytase-containing granulate suitable for use in an animal feed, the process comprising:
(a) making a mixture of a phytase, a solid carrier comprising at least about 50% (w/w) of starch, and water; wherein the starch is rice, corn and/or potato starch;
(b) mechanically processing the mixture resulting from (a) to obtain phytase-containing granules having a water content of 30% to 40%; and
(c) drying the phytase-containing granules obtained in (b),
wherein the granulate is free from starch-degrading enzymes;
wherein the granulate has a phytase activity of from 5870 to 8470 FTU per grain; and
wherein the granulate is free from soap and detergent.
33. The process of claim 32 , wherein the granulate obtained in step (c) is subsequently coated.
34. The process of claim 33 , wherein the granulate is coated with one or more of a fat, wax, polymer, salt, inguent, ointment or a coating containing a second enzyme.
35. A phytase-containing granulate produced by the process of claim 32 .
36. The granulate of claim 35 , wherein the granulate is coated.
37. The granulate of claim 36 , wherein the granulate is coated with one or more of a fat, wax, polymer, salt, inguent, ointment, or a coating containing a second enzyme.