Methods for manufacturing amino acid mimetic copolymers and use of same
Biocompatible polymers are manufactured to include an amino acid mimetic monomer and one or more hydrophobic acrylate monomers. The amino acid mimetic monomers are selected to mimic the side chain of the amino acids asparagine or glutamine. The amino acid mimetic monomer can be a methacryloyl or acryloyl derivative of 2-hydroxyacetamide, 3-hydroxypropionamide, alaninamide, lactamide, or glycinamide. These amide functional groups offer the advantage of moderate hydrophilicity with little chemical reactivity. The amino acid mimetic monomer can be copolymerized with one or more hydrophobic acrylate monomers to obtain desired coating properties.
1. A method for manufacturing a biocompatible copolymer, comprising:
copolymerizing a plurality of acrylate monomers to yield a copolymer having the following formula,
in which,
the hydrophobic group is a straight chain, branched, unsaturated, or cyclic hydrocarbon of one to sixteen carbon atoms;
the amino acid mimetic group is an acetamide, a propionamide, an alaninamide, a lactamide, or a glycinamide;
R 1 and R 2 are independently a hydrogen or a methyl group;
m is in a range from about 0.1 to about 0.995; and
n is in a range from about 0.005 to about 0.9.
2. A method as in claim 1 , in which the copolymer is formed by reacting a hydrophobic monomer with an amino acid mimetic monomer.
3. A method as in claim 1 , in which the plurality of acrylate monomers are polymerized to form an intermediate polymer and the hydrophobic group or the amino acid mimetic group is thereafter coupled to the intermediate polymer to yield the copolymer.
4. A method as in claim 3 , in which the hydrophobic group is coupled to an acrylate monomer of the intermediate polymer.
5. A method as in claim 4 , in which the coupling of the hydrophobic group to the intermediate polymer is carried out by a transesterification process in which an ester bond is formed between a hydrophobic compound and an acrylate monomer of the intermediate polymer.
6. A method as in claim 3 , in which the ammo acid mimetic group is coupled to an acrylate monomer of the intermediate polymer.
7. A method as in claim 6 , in which the coupling of the amino acid mimetic group to the intermediate polymer is carried out by a transesterification process in which an ester bond is formed between an amino acid mimetic compound and an acrylate monomer of the intermediate polymer.
8. A method as in claim 1 , in which the hydrophobic group is selected from the group consisting of a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-hexyl, isobornyl, or trimethylcyclohexyl, and combinations thereof.
9. A method as in claim 1 , in which R 1 is a methyl group.
10. A method as in claim 1 , in which R 2 is a methyl group.
11. A method as in claim 1 , in which the concentration of the hydrophobic monomer and the concentration of the amino acid mimetic monomer are selected to yield a thermoplastic polymer with a hydrated glass transition temperature in a range from about −30° C. to about 37° C.
12. A method as in claim 1 , in which the concentration of the hydrophobic monomer and the concentration of the amino acid mimetic monomer are selected to yield a thermoplastic polymer with a hydrated glass transition temperature in a range from about 0° C. to about 37° C.
13. A method as in claim 1 , in which the concentration of the hydrophobic monomer and the concentration of the amino acid mimetic monomer are selected to yield a thermoplastic polymer with a dry glass transition temperature in a range from about −30° C. to about 100° C.
14. A method as in claim 1 , in which the concentration of the hydrophobic monomer and the concentration of the amino acid mimetic monomer are selected to yield a thermoplastic polymer with a dry glass transition temperature in a range from about 0° C. to about 70° C.
15. A method as in claim 1 , in which the copolymer is free of cross-linking.
16. A method as in claim 1 , in which the copolymer has a number average molecular weight in a range from about 20K to about 800K.
17. A method as in claim 1 , in which the copolymer has a number average molecular weight in a range from about 100 to about 600K.
18. A method as in claim 1 , in which the copolymer has a number average molecular weight in a range from about 2K to about 200K.
19. A method as in claim 1 , in which the copolymerization reaction is carried out using free radical polymerization, atom transfer radical polymerization, cationic polymerization, anionic polymerization, or iniferter polymerization.
20. A method as in claim 1 , in which the copolymer is mixed with at least one bioactive agent to form a drug coating.