Planar light source device and display using the same
A planar light source device having excellent in-plane uniformity of brightness includes an illuminator having an array of light sources, a light transmission plate in an optical path of light output by the illuminator, and a plurality of refractive diffusing elements on the light transmission plate, each refractive diffusing element providing more than two refractive surfaces in at least one vertical cross-section along the optical path at an angle determined in accordance with a pattern of the array of light sources. Each refractive diffusing element may be a polygonal prism or a microlens.
1. A planar light source device, comprising:
an illuminator including an array of adjacent light sources;
a light transmission plate in an optical path of light output by the illuminator; and
a plurality of refractive diffusing elements on the light transmission plate, wherein:
each refractive diffusing element provides more than two refractive surfaces in at least one vertical cross-section along the optical path at an angle determined in accordance with a distance between the adjacent light sources of the array of light sources, such that the angle is relative to the distance between the adjacent light sources.
2. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each refractive diffusing element is a polygonal prism having a polygon shape in a horizontal cross-section orthogonal to the optical path.
3. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein surfaces of each polygonal prism in both vertical cross-sections have angles adjusted such that virtual images formed by the refractive surfaces continuously overlap each other.
4. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein a maximum length of each refractive surface in the at least one vertical cross-section is less than or equal to a resolution limit of a naked eye.
5. A planar light source device, comprising:
an illuminator including an array of rod-shaped light sources;
a light transmission plate in an optical path of light output by the illuminator; and
a plurality of refractive diffusing elements on the light transmission plate, wherein:
each refractive diffusing element provides more than two refractive surfaces in a vertical cross-section along the optical path at an angle determined in accordance with a pattern of the array of light sources,
a longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped light sources is a first direction orthogonal to the optical path and corresponds to a longitudinal direction of the polygonal prisms, and
for a distance “a” between adjacent rod-shaped light sources in a direction of the vertical cross-section orthogonal to the optical path, a diameter “b” of each rod-shaped light source, and a number “m” of refractive surfaces of each polygonal prism in the vertical cross-section, m≧a/b and m is greater than two.
6. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
the light sources are full color light emitting diode (LED) units arranged in X and Y directions to form an LED array;
the more than two refractive surfaces of each polygonal prism in a vertical cross-section in the Y direction have angles adjusted such that virtual images of LED units continuously overlap; and
the more than two refractive surfaces of each polygonal prism in the vertical cross-section in the X direction have angles adjusted such that virtual images of LED units continuously overlap.
7. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein:
the light sources are a reflection pattern on a surface of a light guide plate; and
the refractive surfaces of each polygonal prism have angles set corresponding to the reflection pattern.
8. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 1 wherein each refractive diffusing element is a micro-lens.
9. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein each micro-lens has a size less than or equal to a resolution limit of a naked eye.
10. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the light sources are rod-shaped light sources arranged in parallel.
11. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein:
the light sources are full color light emitting diode (LED) units arranged in parallel in X and Y directions to form a LED array;
each of the micro-lenses is an anamorphic lens having different radii of curvature in the X and Y directions, respectively; and
the radii of curvature is adjusted such that virtual images of the LED light sources continuously overlap in the Y direction and virtual images of the LED light sources continuously overlap in the X direction.
12. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein:
the light sources are a reflection pattern on a surface of a light guide plate; and
each micro-lens has a shape set corresponding to the reflection pattern.
13. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the micro-lens array is a micro-cylindrical lens array.
14. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the micro-cylindrical lens array comprises a plurality of cells corresponding to the pattern of the light source, a first cell having a plurality of the micro-cylindrical lenses arranged in a first direction, and at least one cell surrounding the first cell having a plurality of the micro-cylindrical lenses arranged in a second direction.
15. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein sizes of the micro-lenses vary within the array.
16. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising at least one of surface relief type or volume phase type grating in the optical path of the illuminator.
17. A substrate for a planar light source device, the substrate comprising a plurality of polygonal prisms forming a polygonal prism array formed on at least one surface thereof, each polygonal prism having a quadrilateral shape in a horizontal cross-section and having a plurality of segments in a vertical cross section, at least four of the plurality of segments having angles of inclination with respect to a plane parallel to the horizontal cross-section, wherein the angles of inclination of the at least four of the plurality of segments are equally spaced.
18. A display, comprising:
a display panel; and
a planar light source device illuminating the display panel, the planar light source device including:
an illuminator including an array of adjacent light sources,
a light transmission plate in an optical path of light output by the illuminator, and
a plurality of refractive diffusing elements on the light transmission plate, wherein:
each refractive diffusing element provides more than two refractive surfaces in at least one vertical cross-section along the optical path at an angle determined in accordance with a distance between the adjacent light sources of the array of light sources, such that the angle is relative to the distance between the adjacent light sources.
19. A display, comprising:
a display panel; and
a planar light source device illuminating the display panel, the planar light source device having a substrate including a plurality of polygonal prisms forming a polygonal prism array formed on at least one surface thereof, each polygonal prism having a quadrilateral shape in a horizontal cross-section and having a plurality of segments in a vertical cross section, at least four of the plurality of segments having angles of inclination with respect to a plane parallel to the horizontal cross-section, wherein the angles of inclination of the at least four of the plurality of segments are equally spaced.
20. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the light sources are positioned directly behind the light transmission plate.
21. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
first and second refractive diffusing elements, the first and second refractive diffusing elements being directly adjacent to one another, create first and second adjacent real images of the array of light sources, and
the first and second refractive diffusing elements create a plurality of virtual images between the first and second adjacent real images, each of the plurality of virtual images overlapping another of the plurality of virtual images, and each of the plurality of virtual images being equally spaced.
22. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein a maximum length of each refractive surface in the at least one vertical cross-section is about 20 μm to about 300 μm.
23. The planar light source device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
the refractive surfaces have angles θ relative to real images of the light sources of the array of light sources,
the adjacent light sources of the array of light sources are separated by a distance L, and
the angles θ are determined such that virtual images formed by the refractive surfaces continuously overlap each other throughout the distance L.
24. The display as claimed in claim 18 , wherein:
the refractive surfaces have angles θ relative to real images of the light sources of the array of light sources,
the adjacent light sources of the array of light sources are separated by a distance L, and
the angles θ are determined such that virtual images formed by the refractive surfaces continuously overlap each other throughout the distance L.