Catheter with multi port tip for optical lesion evaluation
A catheter is adapted to ablate tissue and provide optically-based lesion qualitative and quantitative monitoring, comprising a catheter body and a tip electrode distal the catheter body adapted for ablating tissue, the tip electrode having a shell and an alignment member defining a hollow distal portion therebetween. In accordance with the invention, the catheter further includes a plurality of optical waveguides adapted to transmit optical energy to and from the tip electrode. A distal portion of each waveguide extends through the hollow distal portion and terminates in openings formed in the shell. Advantageously, the alignment member fixedly secures the distal portion of each waveguide against movement relative to the alignment member and the shell.
1. A catheter, comprising:
a catheter body;
a tip electrode distal the catheter body adapted for ablating tissue, the tip electrode having a shell, an alignment member, and a hollow distal portion, the alignment member positioned proximal the hollow space, the shell having openings.
a plurality of optical waveguides adapted to transmit optical energy to and from the tip electrode, a distal portion of each waveguide extending through the hollow distal portion and terminating in the openings;
wherein the alignment member fixedly secures the distal portion of each waveguide against movement relative to the alignment member and the shell.
2. A catheter of claim 1 , further comprising irrigation means.
3. A catheter of claim 1 , wherein the distal portion of each waveguide has a fixed flexure configuration within the hollow distal portion of the tip electrode.
4. A catheter of claim 1 , wherein the openings include a center opening aligned with a longitudinal axis of the tip electrode and at least one off-center opening.
5. A catheter of claim 1 , wherein the distal portion of each waveguide is directed to transmit or receive light energy at a different angle.
6. A catheter of claim 4 , wherein there are three off-center openings configured equally offset from each other at about 120 degrees.
7. A catheter of claim 4 , wherein there are four off-center openings configured equally offset from each other at about 90 degrees.
8. A catheter of claim 4 , wherein there are five off-center openings configured equally offset from each other at about 72 degrees.
9. A catheter of claim 4 , wherein there are six off-center openings configured equally offset from each other at about 60 degrees.
10. A catheter of claim 1 , wherein the tip electrode is adapted for RF ablation.
11. A catheter of claim 1 , wherein light energy received by a waveguide conveys a tissue parameter of a lesion illuminated by light energy transmitted by another waveguide.
12. A catheter of claim 11 , wherein the tissue parameter includes at least one of the following: lesion formation, depth of penetration of lesion, cross-sectional area of lesion, formation of char during ablation, recognition of char during ablation, differentiation of char from non-charred tissue, formation of coagulum around the ablation site, differentiation of coagulated from non-coagulated blood, differentiation of ablated from healthy tissue, tissue proximity, evaluation of tissue health, status, and disease state, and recognition of steam formation in the tissue for prevention of steam pop.
13. A catheter of claim 1 , wherein the tip electrode is made of thermally and electrically conductive material.
14. A catheter of claim 1 , further comprising an electromagnetic location sensor carried at or near the tip electrode for producing electrical signals indicative of a location of the electromagnetic location sensor.
15. A catheter of claim 1 , further comprising a temperature sensor.
16. A catheter according to claim 1 , further comprising means for deflecting a section of the catheter body.
17. A catheter of claim 3 , wherein the flexure configuration has a degree of flexure not greater than about 30 degrees.