Ablation device with spiral array ultrasound transducer
The present invention relates to a device assembly and tissue ablation transducer having a plurality of helical elements that can be operated out of phase to orient the acoustical energy beam forward or backward in the longitudinal direction. The transducers includes a cylindrical inner electrode, a cylindrical piezoelectric material disposed over the inner electrode, and a cylindrical outer electrode disposed over the cylindrical piezoelectric material. Spiral grooves are cut through at least the outer electrode separating the transducer into a plurality of functionally discrete helical transducer segments. The helical transducer segments can be operated independent from one another. An array of intertwined helical transducers arranged linearly along a helical axis are also contemplated.
1. A cylindrical ultrasound transducer comprising:
a cylindrical inner electrode;
a cylindrical piezoelectric material disposed over the inner electrode; and
a cylindrical outer electrode disposed over the cylindrical piezoelectric material, the cylindrical outer electrode having spiral grooves separating the outer electrode into a plurality of discrete helical elements.
2. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 1 wherein the inner electrode comprises a metallic layer.
3. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 2 wherein the metallic layer comprises Nickel.
4. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 2 wherein the metallic layer comprises Gold.
5. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 1 wherein the cylindrical piezoelectric material comprises a high-density fin grain PZT ceramic material.
6. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 1 wherein the cylindrical piezoelectric material is polished to a mirror finish of approximately 10 microns.
7. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 1 wherein the outer electrode comprises a metallic layer.
8. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 7 wherein the metallic layer comprises Nickel.
9. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 7 wherein the metallic layer comprises Gold.
10. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 1 wherein the discrete helical elements are intertwined.
11. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 1 wherein the spiral grooves further separate the piezoelectric material into a plurality of substantially discrete zones.
12. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 11 wherein the zones are helically shaped and intertwined.
13. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 1 further comprising a matching layer disposed over the outer electrode.
14. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 13 wherein the matching layer fills the grooves.
15. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 13 wherein the matching layer comprises a low viscosity polymer.
16. The cylindrical ultrasound transducer of claim 13 wherein the polymer is an epoxy adhesive.
17. A cylindrical ultrasound transducer comprising:
a cylindrical inner electrode;
a cylindrical piezoelectric material disposed over the inner electrode;
a cylindrical outer electrode disposed over the cylindrical piezoelectric material; and
spiral grooves cut through the outer electrode and at least a portion of the cylindrical piezoelectric material, the spiral grooves separating the transducer into a plurality of functionally discrete helical transducer segments.