Method for the reconstruction of a body map

1. A method of 3D reconstruction of a body map, the method comprising:

shifting an arm of an x-ray apparatus along a trajectory relative to a body, the x-ray apparatus bearing an x-ray tube and a detector being situated so as to be opposite the tube, the detector fixed to a lift device, the lift device connected to the arm;

lowering the lift device and the detector towards the body;

measuring distances between the detector and parts of the body situated outside a field of x-rays, using sensors placed on a rim of the detector;

automatically controlling a speed of approach of the lift device relative to the body according to these measured distances;

measuring distances between the detector and body parts of the body situated in the field of x-rays, using an antenna on one face of the detector;

transmitting the measured distances between the detector and the parts of the body situated in the x-ray field and the measured distances between the detector and the parts of the body situated outside the x-ray field to an image learning base which assigns a measured distance to each pixel of the body; and

outputting 3D reconstruction parameters of the body map based at least in part on the measured distance to each pixel of the body.

2. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

computing a speed of approach of the detector to the body from the measured distances; and

automatically controlling speed of the motions of the lift device according to the computed speed of approach and the 3D reconstruction of the body map.

3. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

automatically controlling a detecting position from the detector to the body according to a risk of collision between the detector and the 3D reconstruction of the body map.

4. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

determining, depending on the 3D reconstruction of the body map, a thickness of the body; and

regulating an intensity of the x-rays received by the body according to the thickness of the body and the distances measured.

5. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

measuring two distances between the detector and the body without x-ray emission; transmitting these measurements to the learning base, giving a coarse 3D reconstruction of the body map at output; and

placing an organ to be examined at an isocenter of the x-ray apparatus, according to the coarse 3D reconstruction of the body map.

6. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

placing the tube or the body in a predetermined position according to an examination to be undertaken;

emitting with the tube, an x-ray beam having a size defined by a collimator of the tube on a reconstructed body map;

measuring a time of exposure of this surface to the x-ray beam; and

computing the accumulated dose of x-rays on said surface according to the measured time of exposure and the size of the x-ray beam.

7. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

placing, in an examination requiring a subtraction of images, the tube of the body in a position predetermined according to the examination to be undertaken;

determining a first reconstruction of the external envelope of the body;

producing a first radiography image of the body from the x-rays detected by the detector;

determining a second reconstruction of the body map;

comparing the first reconstruction of the body map with the second reconstruction of the body map;

wherein, if the second reconstruction of the body map has shifted relative to the first reconstruction of the body map, then determining a new radiography image and a new reconstruction of the body map and comparing this new reconstruction of the body map with the second reconstruction of the body map;

wherein if the second reconstruction of the body map has not shifted relative to the first reconstruction of the body map, injecting a contrast product into the body, determining a second radiography image of the body, and comparing the first radiography image with the second radiography image to facilitate medical analysis.

8. An X-ray apparatus, comprising:

an x-ray tube configured to emit an x-ray beam along a direction of emission;

an x-ray detector situated so as to be opposite the x-ray tube, the detector having a face situated in the direction of emission;

a lift device configured to raise and lower the x-ray detector in the direction of emission;

an arm bearing the x-ray detector and the x-ray tube;

a post connected to the arm by means of rotating arm;

sensors placed on a rim of the detector and

an antenna on the face of the detector,

wherein the apparatus has a circuit configured to generate a 3D reconstruction of a body using at least data obtained from an image learning base, on a basis of simultaneous measurements of distances between the detector and the body, given by the sensors and by the antenna.

9. An apparatus according to claim 8 , further comprising a circuit for the automatic control of the speeds of the rotating arm and/or the arm and/or the post and/or the lift device on the basis of the 3D reconstruction and the distances measured.

10. An apparatus according to claim 8 , further comprising

a circuit to regulate the intensity of the x-rays on the basis of the 3D reconstruction and the distances measured,

a circuit to compute the time of exposure of a surface of the reconstructed body map to the x-rays,

a circuit to compute an accumulated X-ray dose received by said surface.

11. An apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein:

the antenna comprises a flexible printed circuit including an x-ray-transparent material such as plastic, and also comprises a plurality of capacitive electrodes including a conductive material.