Spear type blow out preventer
A blow out preventer for operating between a spear of a tubular gripping tool and a tubular gripped by the tool includes: an expandable seal carried on the spear and expandable to seal between the spear and the tubular's inner wall, the expandable seal being operable as a back up to a primary seal operable between the spear and the tubular's inner wall. A tubular gripping tool and a method may include the blow out preventer.
1. A casing gripping clamp for gripping a joint of casing of a casing string, comprising:
a spear having an axis and an axial passage for delivering drilling fluid into a casing string, the spear adapted to extend into the bore of a casing joint to be gripped;
grippers that are radially movable to engage and grip the casing joint to be gripped;
a primary seal element about the spear to create a seal between the spear and the inner wall of the casing joint, the primary seal element being urged radially outward relative to the axis of the spear into sealing engagement with the inner wall of the casing joint in response to drilling fluid pressure differential in the casing string; and
a secondary seal element about the spear above and axially spaced out of contact with the primary seal element, the secondary seal element being selectively operable to create a seal between the spear and the inner wall of the easing joint in the event the primary seal element fails.
2. The casing gripping clamp of claim 1 wherein the clamp is an external-type clamp.
3. The casing gripping clamp of claim 1 wherein the clamp is an internal-type clamp, and wherein each of the primary and secondary seal elements has substantially the same dimensions and comprises a cup seal.
4. The casing gripping clamp of claim 1 wherein the secondary seal element is selectively operable by other than normal operational fluid pressure in the tubular to create a seal between the spear and the inner wall of the casing joint.
5. The casing gripping clamp of claim 4 further comprising a drive system to expand the secondary seal element.
6. The casing gripping clamp of claim 4 wherein the secondary seal element is extrudable by pressure applied by a drive system.
7. The casing gripping clamp of claim 4 wherein the drive system includes a feature operable based on hydraulics.
8. The casing gripping clamp of claim 7 further comprising a mud flow path through the spear and hydraulic pressure from the mud flow path acts on the drive system.
9. The casing gripping clamp of claim 7 further comprising:
a mud flow path through the spear;
a fluid communication conduit to communicate fluid pressure from the mud flow path and the drive system; and
a control for creating a hydraulic pressure in the mud flow path capable of actuating the drive system to expand the secondary seal element.
10. The casing gripping clamp of claim 7 wherein hydraulic pressure independent from a mud flow path through the spear is used to operate the drive system.
11. The casing gripping clamp of claim 1 further comprising:
a mud flow path through the spear; and
a hydraulically actuated drive system for causing expansion of the secondary seal element, the drive system including a valve in the mud flow path sealable to create fluid pressure in the mud flow path sufficient to actuate the drive system.
12. The casing gripping clamp of claim 11 wherein the valve includes a seat sealable by a launchable device sealable on the seat.