Fixation device
The present invention relates to a bone fixation device having a fixation member using a shape memory effect to secure bone fractures, including but not limited to, femur, tibia and humerus fractures. The fixation member can be malleable at a room temperature, but become rigid at a body temperature because of the shape memory effect, such as derived from a super-elastic property found in such as a nickel titanium alloy. The fixation member can be formed on one or more of the shaft portion and the two end portions of a nail member for securing bone fractures, such as by providing translational and rotational stabilities. The fixation member is also capable of providing a continuous and controllable compression force over the fractured bone, if needed.
1. A fixation device for use of bone fixation, comprising:
a nail member having a longitudinal nail length between two nail ends, the nail member having a nail center located at a center of the nail length between the two nail ends; and
a fixation member formed as a part of the nail member and including the nail center, the fixation member being variable between a first shape and a second shape;
wherein the nail member can freely move about a fractured bone portion when the fixation member is in the first shape, and
wherein the fixation member can join to the fractured bone portion and be affixed thereonto for bone fixation in the second shape, whereby the fixation device is mountable to the fractured bone portion and prevented from moving in relation to the fractured bone portion, and
wherein the fixation member expands longitudinally and transversely in the second shape.
2. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member is variable from a flexible state to a rigid state when changing from a retracted shape to an expanded shape.
3. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member maintains a retracted shape before being inserted into a bone canal.
4. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member changes its shape in response to a temperature change to and from a body temperature.
5. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member changes to an expanded shape when being subjected to a body temperature.
6. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member changes to a retracted shape when being subjected to a temperature below a body temperature.
7. The fixation device of claim 1 , comprising one or more section elements formed on end portions of the nail member and expandable in a transverse direction of the nail member.
8. The fixation device of claim 7 , wherein the one or more section elements contract in a longitudinal direction of the nail member to provide a compressing force to a fractured bone portion.
9. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member comprises a spiral element expandable both longitudinally and transversely.
10. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member is made of a shape memory material.
11. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member is made of a nickel-titanium alloy.
12. The fixation device of claim 1 further comprising a section element formed as a part of an end portion of the nail member, wherein the section elements can expand to secure the nail member inside a canal portion.
13. The fixation device of claim 1 further comprising a compressing member for providing an intraosseous force over a fractured bone portion.
14. The fixation device of claim 1 further comprising a support member, which comprises a through chamber portion for accommodating the nail member.
15. The fixation device of claim 1 further comprising one or more fastening members to provide additional fixation.
16. The fixation device of claim 15 , wherein the fastening members are bone screws.
17. The fixation device of claim 15 , wherein the fastening members are fastening wires.
18. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member comprises a spiral element expandable longitudinally.
19. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member comprises a spiral element expandable transversely.
20. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member is capable of expanding in a longitudinal direction.
21. The fixation device of claim 1 further comprising one or more fastening members to provide additional fixation at end portions of the nail member.
22. The fixation device of claim 1 , wherein the fixation member is formed in a middle portion of the nail member.