Pulse tool and associated front plate
A pulse tool, in particular a pulse nutsetter, has a drive unit and a pulse unit driven by it. The pulse unit has at least one rotor with at least two vanes, a hydraulic cylinder surrounding it and a drive spindle protruding at one end out of the hydraulic cylinder through a front plate. The front plate is arranged between the rotor and a front cover, the cover being formed with a hydraulic fluid filling device. In order to improve a pulse tool of this nature, in that deviations from the desired pulse frequencies can be compensated in a simple manner and in particular already during the assembly of the pulse tool, the front plate has at least one bypass opening connecting the high-pressure and low-pressure chambers which are separated by the vanes. The pulse tool may also include an appropriate front plate.
1. Pulse tool ( 1 ), in particular a pulse nutsetter, with a drive unit ( 2 ) and a pulse unit ( 3 ) driven by the drive unit ( 2 ), said pulse unit having at least one rotor ( 4 ) with at least two vanes ( 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ), a hydraulic cylinder ( 9 ) surrounding the rotor ( 4 ) and a drive spindle ( 11 ) which protrudes at one end out of the hydraulic cylinder through a front plate ( 10 ), wherein the front plate ( 10 ) is arranged between the rotor ( 4 ) and a front cover ( 12 ) formed with a hydraulic fluid filling device ( 13 ), characterised in that the front plate ( 10 ) has at least one bypass opening ( 16 , 17 , 18 ) connecting a high-pressure and a low-pressure chamber ( 14 , 15 ) which are separated by the vanes ( 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ), wherein two or more bypass openings ( 16 , 17 , 18 ) form a bypass opening group ( 20 , 21 , 22 , 32 ), and wherein the opening diameters ( 23 ) of each bypass opening ( 16 , 17 , 18 ) of a bypass opening group ( 20 , 21 , 22 , 32 ) are different.
2. Pulse tool according to claim 1 , characterised in that the bypass opening ( 16 , 17 , 18 ) is closed.
3. Pulse tool according to claim 1 or 2 , characterised in that the bypass opening ( 16 , 17 , 18 ) is closed by means of a closing body ( 19 ) arranged between the front plate ( 10 ) and the front cover ( 12 ).
4. Pulse tool according to claim 3 , characterised in that the closing bodies ( 19 ) for each bypass opening have the same diameter.
5. Pulse tool according to claim 3 , characterised in that the closing body ( 19 ) is substantially spherical.
6. Pulse tool according to claim 1 , characterised in that the bypass opening groups ( 20 , 21 , 22 , 32 ) are arranged in pairs in the front plate ( 10 ) diametrically opposite one another.
7. Pulse tool according to claim 1 , characterised in that bypass opening groups ( 20 , 21 , 22 , 32 ) are arranged for the right and left rotation of the drive spindle ( 11 ).
8. Pulse tool according to claim 1 , characterised in that a bypass opening group ( 20 , 21 , 22 , 32 ) is assigned to each high-pressure chamber ( 14 ).
9. Pulse tool according to claim 1 , characterised in that the hydraulic fluid filling device ( 13 ) has at least one, in particular closable, filling opening ( 24 ) in the front cover ( 12 ).
10. Pulse tool according to claim 9 , characterised in that the filling opening ( 24 ) can be aligned relative to each bypass opening ( 16 , 17 , 18 ).
11. Pulse tool according to claim 1 , characterised in that the opening diameters ( 23 ) for the bypass opening groups ( 20 , 21 , 22 , 32 ) change in the reverse order for right or left rotation.
12. Pulse tool according to claim 1 , characterised in that the pulse unit ( 3 ) has at its end ( 25 ) opposite the drive spindle ( 11 ) a fluid opening ( 27 ) connected to a compensation chamber ( 26 ).
13. Pulse tool according to claim 12 , characterised in that the compensation chamber ( 26 ) has a pressure-independently variable compensating volume ( 28 ).
14. Pulse tool according to claim 12 , characterised in that the compensation chamber ( 26 ) is bounded by the hydraulic cylinder ( 9 ) and a compensating piston ( 29 ) which is adjustable, in particular by rotation in the longitudinal direction ( 30 ).
15. Pulse tool according to claim 14 , characterised in that the compensating piston ( 29 ) can be fixed in at least one rotary position relative to the hydraulic cylinder ( 9 ) by means of a fixing device ( 31 ).
16. Pulse tool according to claim 1 , characterised in that each bypass opening ( 16 , 17 , 18 ) comprises a different opening diameter ( 23 ).
17. Front plate ( 10 ) for a pulse tool ( 1 ), said front plate ( 10 ) adapted to be positioned between a pulse unit ( 3 ) and a front cover ( 12 ) in the pulse tool ( 1 ), characterised in that the front plate ( 10 ) has at least one bypass opening ( 16 , 17 , 18 ) for the connection of a high-pressure and low-pressure chamber ( 14 , 15 ) of the pulse unit ( 3 ), and characterised in that each of the bypass openings ( 16 , 17 , 18 ) of each bypass opening group ( 20 , 21 , 22 , 32 ) comprises a different opening diameter ( 23 ).
18. Front plate according to claim 17 , characterised in that two or more bypass openings ( 16 , 17 , 18 ) are arranged in a bypass opening group ( 20 , 21 , 22 , 32 ).
19. Front plate according to claim 18 , characterised in that the bypass opening groups ( 20 , 21 , 22 , 32 ) are arranged in pairs diametrically opposite one another.
20. Front plate according to claim 17 , characterised in that each bypass opening ( 16 , 17 , 18 ) has in the direction of the front cover ( 12 ) an approximately conically extended receptacle seat for a closing body ( 19 ) for closing the bypass opening ( 16 , 17 , 18 ).
21. Front plate according to claim 20 , characterised in that the receptacle seat ( 33 ) essentially has the same cross-section for all the bypass openings ( 16 , 17 , 18 ).