Process for producing electrode for electric double layer capacitor and process for producing electric double layer capacitor employing the electrode
A process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor, in which water is used as a forming auxiliary agent and kneading an pulverizing steps are omitted to improve production efficiency, and a process for producing an electric double layer capacitor employing such a electrode, are provided. In a first mixing step, an activated carbon and a carbon black are mixed by a grinder containing a grinding medium. As the grinder containing a grinding medium used in this first mixing step, a commonly used ball mill can be used. In the second mixing step, a mixture is taken out from the grinder containing a grinding medium of the first mixing step, and moved into a second mixer prepared separately. Then, polytetrafluoroethylene as a binder and water as a liquid lubricant are added and the materials are mixed again. Thereafter, a calendar forming is carried out. The mixture obtained by the second mixing step is not a clumpy body of clay state or rubber state but a product which can be easily turned into grains of 1 to 2 mm, by simple means such as a wire sieve.
1. A process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor, the electrode containing at least two carbonaceous materials and an organic binder, the process comprising a first mixing step of mixing the carbonaceous materials by a grinder containing a grinding medium, a second mixing step of adding polytetrafluoroethylene and a liquid lubricant to the mixture obtained in the first mixing step and mixing them by a wet method, and a forming step of forming the mixture obtained in the second mixing step into a sheet shape by passing the mixture between two opposing rolls.
2. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous materials comprise an activated carbon and a carbon black having a specific surface area of from 500 to 1,500 m 2 /g.
3. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1 , wherein in the second mixing step, the liquid lubricant is a water, and the polytetrafluoroethylene and the water are added as an aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene containing a surfactant.
4. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 3 , wherein the aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene contains polytetrafluoroethylene at a concentration of from 0.3 to 50.0% based on total mass of the aqueous dispersion, and contains the surfactant at a content of 3.0 to 12% based on polytetrafluoroethylene.
5. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 4 , wherein the amount x (weight ratio) of water in the mixture obtained in the second mixing step, is a value represented by formula (1) provided that the weight ratio of the activated carbon based on total solid content is (a) and the pore volume of the activated carbon is Vcm 3 /g:
(( V /( V+ 1 /a ))×0.85)< x <( V /( V+ 1 /a )) (1).
6. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 4 , wherein the mixture obtained in the second mixing step is a granulated product at least 80% by mass of which has a grain size of at most 2 mm in diameter.
7. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 4 , wherein a mixer having a blade is used in the second mixing step, and the mixing is carried out by rotating the blade at a rotational speed producing a peripheral velocity of from 10 to 45 m/sec at the leading edge of the blade.
8. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 3 , wherein the amount x (weight ratio) of water in the mixture obtained in the second mixing step, is a value represented by formula (1) provided that the weight ratio of the activated carbon based on total solid content is (a) and the pore volume of the activated carbon is Vcm 3 /g:
(( V /( V+ 1 /a ))×0.85)< x <( V /( V+ 1 /a )) (1).
9. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 3 , wherein the mixture obtained in the second mixing step is a granulated product at least 80% by mass of which has a grain size of at most 2 mm in diameter.
10. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 9 , wherein the amount x (weight ratio) of water in the mixture obtained in the second mixing step, is a value represented by formula (1) provided that the weight ratio of the activated carbon based on total solid content is (a) and the pore volume of the activated carbon is Vcm 3 /g:
(( V /( V+ 1 /a ))×0.85)< x <( V /( V+ 1 /a )) (1).
11. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 3 , wherein a mixer having a blade is used in the second mixing step, and the mixing is carried out by rotating the blade at a rotational speed producing a peripheral velocity of from 10 to 45 m/sec at the leading edge of the blade.
12. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1 , wherein the mixture obtained in the second mixing step is a granulated product at least 80% by mass of which has a grain size of at most 2 mm in diameter.
13. The process for producing an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1 , wherein a mixer having a blade is used in the second mixing step, and the mixing is carried out by rotating the blade at a rotational speed producing a peripheral velocity of from 10 to 45 m/sec at the leading edge of the blade.
14. A process for producing an electric double layer capacitor, which is a process for producing an electric double layer capacitor comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode contain at least two carbonaceous materials and an organic binder, and the process comprises a first mixing step of mixing the carbonaceous materials by a grinder containing a grinding medium, a second mixing step of adding polytetrafluoroethylene and a liquid lubricant to the mixture obtained in the first mixing step and mixing them by a wet method, and a forming step of forming the mixture obtained in the second mixing step into a sheet shape by passing the mixture between two opposing rolls.
15. The process for producing an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 14 , wherein the carbonaceous materials comprise an activated carbon and a carbon black having a specific surface area of from 500 to 1,500 m 2 /g.
16. The process for producing an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 14 , wherein in the second mixing step, the liquid lubricant is a water, and polytetrafluoroethylene and the water are added as an aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene containing a surfactant.
17. The process for producing an electric double layer capacitor, according to claim 16 , wherein the aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene contains polytetrafluoroethylene at a concentration of from 0.3 to 50.0% based on total mass of the aqueous dispersion, and contains the surfactant at a content of 3.0 to 12% based on polytetrafluoroethylene.
18. The process for producing an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 16 , wherein the amount x (weight ratio) of water in the mixture obtained in the second mixing step, is a value represented by formula (1) provided that the weight ratio of the activated carbon based on total solid content is (a) and the pore volume of the activated carbon is Vcm 3 /g:
(( V /( V+ 1 /a ))×0.85)< x <( V /( V+ 1 /a )) (1).
19. The process for producing an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 14 , wherein the mixture obtained in the second mixing step is a granulated product at least 80% by mass of which has a grain size of at most 2 mm in diameter.
20. The process for producing an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 14 , wherein a mixer having a blade is used in the second mixing step, and the mixing is carried out by rotating the blade at a rotational speed producing a peripheral velocity of from 10 to 45 m/sec at the leading edge of the blade.