Chiral spiro compounds and their use in asymmetric catalytic reactions
The present invention provides a chiral ligand, represented by a formula or its enantiomer: X and X′ can be independently O, NH, NR, NCOR or S; each of Z 1 -Z 7 and Z 1 ′-Z 7 ′ can be independently H, alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, alkoxyl, aryloxyl, nitro, amide, aryoxide, halide, hydroxyl, carboxylate, hetereoaryl, or a cyclic alkene, fused aryl, or cyclic ether group formed from any two adjacent Z groups or any two adjacent Z′ groups; Y and Y′ can be independently OH, OR, NH 2 , NHR, NR 2 , SH, PR 2 , OPR 2 , NHPR 2 , OP(OR) 2 , COOH, COOR, CONHR, or a linking group formed from Y and Y′ groups together. Processes of preparing these ligands, catalysts that employ them and methods of using the catalysts are also provided.
1. A compound represented by the formula or its enantiomer:
wherein X and X′ are independently selected from the group consisting of: O, and S;
wherein each of Z 1 -Z 7 and Z 1 ′-Z 7 ′ is independently selected from the group consisting of: H, alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, alkoxyl, aryloxyl, nitro, amide, halide, hydroxyl, carboxylate, heteroaryl, and a cyclic alkene, fused aryl, or cyclic ether group formed from any two adjacent Z groups or any two adjacent Z′ groups;
wherein Y and Y′ are independently selected from the group consisting of: OH, OR, NH 2 , NHR, NR 2 , SH, PR 2 , OPR 2 , NHPR 2 , OP(OR) 2 , COOH, COOR, CONHR, and a linking group formed from Y and Y′ groups together and represented by the formula:
wherein W is selected from the group consisting of: NR 2 and NHR: and
wherein each R is independently selected from the group: a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl of 1-8 carbon atoms, substituted alkyl, aryl of 4-10 carbon atoms, substituted aryl, aralkyl, and alkaryl, each R group optionally having one or more stereogenic centers.
2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is a racemic mixture of enantiomers.
3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is a non-racemic mixture of enantiomers.
4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is one of the enantiomers.
5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound has an optical purity of at least 85% ee.
6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound has an optical purity of at least 95% ee.
7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is represented by the formula or its enantiomer:
wherein X and X′ are independently selected from the group consisting of: O and S;
wherein each of Z 1 -Z 7 and Z 1 ′-Z 7 ′ is independently selected from the group consisting of: H, alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, alkoxyl, aryloxyl, nitro, amide, halide, hydroxyl, carboxylate, heteroaryl, and a cyclic alkene, fused aryl, or cyclic ether group formed from any two adjacent Z groups or any two adjacent Z′ groups;
wherein W is selected from the group consisting of: NR 2 and NHR: and
wherein each R is independently selected from the group: a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl of 1-8 carbon atoms, substituted alkyl, aryl of 4-10 carbon atoms, substituted aryl, aralkyl, and alkaryl, each R group optionally having one or more stereogenic centers.
8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound has an optical purity of at least 85% ee.
9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is represented by the following formulae or their enantiomers: