Process and device for producing a fuel cell stack while applying a controlled force to the assembled stack
A method for the production of a fuel cell stack, involving the following steps: a) piling up the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) and (b) putting together the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) while heating and compressing the piled fuel cell stack ( 1 ). At least one regulated force is applied to the piled fuel cell stack ( 1 ) during the compression thereof.
1. Process for producing a fuel cell stack with the following steps:
a) stacking the fuel cells into an assembled fuel cell stack ( 1 ), and
b) joining the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) as the assembled fuel cell stack ( 1 ) is heated and compressed,
wherein compression of the assembled fuel cell stack is performed by application of at least one controlled force component (F) to the assembled fuel cell stack ( 1 ),
wherein the application of the at least one controlled force component (F) is performed based upon a change of the dimensions of the assembled fuel cell stack ( 1 ) detected with at least one distance sensor,
wherein a detected force-path curve of a bracing of the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) is compared to at least one predefined theoretical curve, and
wherein, when the comparison indicates that the detected force-path curve has deviated from the at least one predefined theoretical curve, said at least one force component (F) is increased or decreased so as to counter the deviation.
2. Process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one controlled force component is produced by at least one of a compression and a tension means ( 8 . 1 ) and is transmitted to the assembled fuel cell stack ( 1 ).
3. Process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein at least one of a compression and a tension means is connected to at least one tie rod ( 8 . 1 ) that extends through a recess ( 1 . 5 ) provided in the assembled fuel cell stack ( 1 ) and which transmits the at least one controlled force component to the assembled fuel cell stack.
4. Process as claimed in claim 1 , comprising the further step of checking the already at least partially joined fuel cell stack ( 1 ) for gas-tightness at least one of during and after said joining step.
5. Process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein said checking step comprises flooding the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) with a gas, and detecting possible leaks of the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) by way of a drop in gas pressure.
6. Process as claimed in claim 5 , wherein, in the case of detected leakage of the fuel cell stack ( 1 ), the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) is at least one of further heated and further compressed.
7. Process as claimed in claim 1 , comprising the further step, which is carried out at least one of during and after said joining step, of chemical forming of the fuel cells ( 1 . 3 ) of the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) by adding a reducing gas, to the fuel cells ( 1 . 3 ) of the fuel cell stack ( 1 ).
8. Process as claimed in claim 7 , wherein a change in the volume of the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) caused by said chemical forming step is at least partially balanced by corresponding compression of the fuel cell stack ( 1 ).
9. Process as claimed in claim 7 , wherein following the chemical forming step testing of the electrical serviceability of the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) is performed.
10. Process as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the testing step comprises supplying an anode side of the fuel cell stack with a combustible gas and a cathode side of the fuel cell stack with a cathode gas, and measuring at least one of a voltage which forms in the fuel cell stack and a current which can be taken from the fuel cell stack.
11. Process as claimed in claim 3 , comprising the further step of connecting the at least one tie rod ( 1 . 4 ) to at least one locking element ( 1 . 6 ) which at least roughly maintains the bracing of the fuel cell stack ( 1 ) even when at least one tie rod ( 1 . 4 ) is loosened from the at least one of a compression and a tension means.
12. Process as claimed in claim 7 , wherein at least the joining and chemical forming steps are carried out in a gastight process chamber.
13. Method according to claim 1 , wherein increasing of the at least one force component is stopped when at least one of a predetermined tightness or close contact of the cells of the fuel cell stack is determined to have been achieved.