Liquid crystalline substrates for culturing cells
The present invention is directed to liquid crystalline substrates useful in the culture of cells and methods of their use. In certain embodiments, the invention provides methods and devices for imaging changes (e.g., reorganization) of extracellular matrix components by living cells.
1. A method for detecting cell-induced changes to a cell culture substrate by living cells, comprising:
(a) providing a cell culture substrate by: (i) preparing an interface between an aqueous phase and a liquid crystalline phase; and (ii) depositing a protein or peptide layer at said interface, wherein the protein or peptide layer functions as an extracellular matrix component;
(b) seeding living cells onto the protein or peptide layer of said cell culture substrate;
(c) maintaining said living cells under culture conditions; and
(d) detecting reorganization of the liquid crystalline phase, said reorganization indicating cell-induced changes between the living cells and the cell culture substrate.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein said protein or peptide layer comprises at least one protein or peptide that is an extracellular matrix component.
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein said protein or peptide layer comprises gelatin, laminin collagen, elastin, or mixtures thereof.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein said protein or peptide layer comprises a synthetic polypeptide.
5. The method according to claim 1 wherein the liquid crystalline phase is a liquid crystal elastomer.
6. The method according to claim 1 further comprising the step of forming a polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) film at the interface between said aqueous phase and liquid crystalline phase and wherein the step of depositing a protein or peptide layer at said interface further comprises incorporating said protein or peptide layer into the PEM film.
7. The method according to claim 1 wherein said living cells are human embryonic stem cells.