Regulation of oncogenes by microRNAs
Naturally occurring miRNAs that regulate human oncogenes and methods of use thereof are described. Suitable nucleic acids for use in the methods and compositions described herein include, but are not limited to, pri-miRNA, pre-miRNA, mature miRNA ,or fragments of variants thereof that retain the biological activity of the mature miRNA and DNA encoding a pri-miRNA, pre-miRNA, mature miRNA, fragments or variants thereof, or regulatory elements of the miRNA. The compositions are administered to a subject prior to administration of a cytotoxic therapy in an amount effective to sensitize cells or tissues to be treated to the effects of the cytotoxic therapy.
1. A method for increasing the sensitivity of a cell to radiotherapy comprising:
administering a composition comprising a let-7 miRNA and a suitable pharmaceutical carrier to a cell of a patient, that binds to and inhibits the expression of an mRNA encoded by an oncogene containing a let-7 complementary site (LCS) selected from the group consisting of NRAS, KRAS, HRAS, MYC, MYCL1, MYCN, BCL2, BCL2L1, BCL2L2, TERT, VEGF, EGF, EGFR, ERBB3, GRB2, RAF1, ARAF, MAP2K2, MAPK1, MAPK3, MET, KIT, TP73L(AIX), CCND1, CDK4, MDM2, FES, FURIN, INSL3, CSFIR, MYBL2, MYB, PIK3CD, PIK3C2B, PIK3CG, PIK3R5, AKT1, HLIN-41, VDR, PXR, FOXA1, FOXA2, ASH1L, ARID1B, GR, GLI2, 14-3-3zeta, MO25, SMGI, FRAP1, PER2 and AKT3 in a cell of a patient, and
subsequently administering radiation to said patient,
wherein said let-7 miRNA is administered in an effective amount to sensitize the cell to said radiotherapy and wherein said let-7 miRNA is selected from the group consisting of let-7a1, let-7a2, let-7a3, let-7b, let-7c, let-7d, let-7f, let-7h, let-7i, and mir-98.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the miRNA is selected from the group consisting of a pri-miRNA, pre-miRNA, and mature let-7 miRNA.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the let-7 miRNA is encoded by a nucleic acid.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the nucleic acid is located on a vector.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the vector is selected from the group consisting of a plasmid, cosmid, phagemid, virus, and other vehicles derived from viral or bacterial sources.
6. The method of claim 4 wherein the vector further comprises one or more in vivo expression elements.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the in vivo expression element is selected from the group consisting of a promoter, enhancer, and combinations thereof.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the miRNA is from 21 nucleotides to 170 nucleotides in length.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the let-7 miRNA is from 21 to 25 nucleotides in length.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the let-7 miRNA is administered to, or expression is increased in the cells of, a patient for treatment or prevention of cancer.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, hematological neoplasms, breast cancer, brain cancer, colon cancer, follicular lymphoma, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, head and neck cancer, multiple myeloma, liver cancer, lymphomas, oral cancer, osteosarcomas, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, testicular cancer, and thyroid cancer.