Electrode arrangement for applying electrical signals to the skin of an animal
An electrode arrangement for applying electrical signals to skin of an animal comprising a flexible electrically non-conductive substrate, at least one electrode provided on a first surface of the substrate for applying electrical signals to the skin when placed on the skin, at least one connector connected to a respective electrode for providing electrical signals to the respective electrode and an electrically non-conductive sealing arrangement connected to the substrate for sealing the substrate and the skin to prevent ingress of moisture to the at least one electrode and to the at least one connector at the connection to the respective electrode. The or each electrode comprises a plurality of spaced electrically conductive elements to allow flexion of the electrode arrangement and electrically conductive material between the plurality of spaced electrically conductive elements to form a two-dimensional electrically conductive path across at least a portion of the first surface of the substrate.
1. An electrode arrangement for applying electrical signals to skin of an animal, comprising:
a plurality of flexible electrically non-conductive substrates; and
one or more flexible planar electrodes provided on a first surface of each of the substrates for applying electrical signals to the skin when placed on the skin;
wherein each said flexible planar electrode, when in said planar configuration, comprises a concave edge and a convex edge defining at least part of a crescent shape or a shape corresponding to a cross-section of at least a partial annulus;
wherein the one or more flexible planar electrodes comprises a plurality of interconnected electrically conductive elements to form a two-dimensional electrically conductive path across at least a portion of the first surface of the substrate; and
wherein the plurality of interconnected electrically conductive elements are arranged in a matrix to allow flexion of the electrode arrangement.
2. An electrode arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein electrically conductive gel is provided on the or each electrode to provide an electrically conductive path to the skin.
3. An electrode arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein electrical components are provided on a second surface of the substrate opposed to said first surface.
4. An electrode arrangement according to claim 1 , further comprising an electrical generator circuit on a second surface of the substrate opposed to said first surface for applying current to at least one said electrode via a respective at least one said connector.
5. An apparatus for treating a wound comprising the electrode arrangement of claim 1 and an electric generator circuit for applying current to at least one said electrode via a respective at least one said connector.
6. An electrode arrangement according to claim 4 , comprising at least three electrodes and three connectors, wherein the electric generator circuit is adapted to switch current to flow between different electrodes of the at least three electrodes.
7. An electrode arrangement according to claim 4 , wherein the electrical generator circuit is adapted to switch the direction of the current between electrodes.
8. An electrode arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate is porous.
9. An electrode arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein one or more elements of highly electrical resistant material is provided on a surface of the or each electrode.
10. An electrode arrangement according to claim 9 wherein the one or more elements of highly resistant material are interspaced by elements of electrically insulating material.
11. An electrode arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate includes an extended portion comprising at least one electrically conductive region, each of the electrically conductive regions being in electrical contact with a respective electrode to form a connector to said electrode.
12. An electrode arrangement for applying electrical signals to skin of an animal comprising:
a flexible electrically non-conductive substrate;
a plurality of electrodes on a first surface of the substrate for applying electrical signals to the skin when placed on the skin;
wherein a plurality of elements of electrically conductive gel is provided on the or each electrode to provide an electrically conductive path to the skin;
wherein a plurality of elements of highly electrical resistant material are provided on a surface of the or each electrode between the surface of the electrode and respective elements of gel; and
wherein the plurality of elements of conductive gel and the plurality of elements of highly resistant material are interspaced on each electrode by elements of electrically insulating material.
13. An electrode arrangement according to claim 12 , wherein the or each electrode comprises a plurality of interconnected electrically conductive elements to form a two-dimensional electrically conductive path across at least a portion of the first surface of the substrate.
14. An electrode arrangement according to claim 13 , wherein the plurality of interconnected electrically conductive elements are arranged in a matrix to allow flexion of the electrode arrangement.
15. An electrode arrangement according to claim 13 , wherein the plurality of interconnected electrically conductive elements are arranged in a mesh pattern to allow flexion of the electrode arrangement.
16. An electrode arrangement according to claim 12 , wherein the substrate is a planar substrate with a convex edge along a first side and a concave edge along a second side, the first side opposite the second side on the substrate.
17. An electrode arrangement according to claim 12 , wherein the substrate is porous.
18. An electrode arrangement according to claim 12 , further comprising an electrical generator circuit on a second surface of the said substrate opposed to the first surface of said substrate to apply electrical signals to said plurality of electrodes.
19. An electrode arrangement according to claim 18 , comprising at least three electrodes, wherein the electrical generator circuit is adapted to switch current to flow between different electrodes of the at least three electrodes.
20. An electrode arrangement according to claim 18 , wherein the electrical generator circuit is adapted to switch the direction of the current between electrodes.
21. An electrode arrangement according to claim 18 , wherein the electrical generator circuit comprises a waveform generator for generating current waveforms across said electrodes.
22. An electrode arrangement for applying electrical signals according to claim 21 , wherein the waveform generator is pre-programmed with one or more programs to generate a pre-determined waveform or a pre-determined sequence of pre-determined waveforms.
23. An electrode arrangement according to claim 18 , wherein the electrical generator circuit is arranged to switch current between pairs of electrodes.
24. A device for absorbing fluid from a wound for use with an apparatus for treating a wound comprising:
a flexible electrically non-conductive substrate;
a plurality of electrodes on a first surface of the substrate for arranging around the wound;
a plurality of connectors each connected to a respective electrode adapted to allow current to flow to each of the plurality of electrodes when connected to a current generator, the device comprising:
one or more elements of absorbent material; and
a plurality of interconnected portions of electrically insulating material interposed between the elements of absorbent material.