System and method for making drilling parameter and or formation evaluation measurements during casing drilling

1. A casing drilling system, comprising:

a casing having a drill bit at one end, the drill bit capable of drilling subsurface Earth formations and formed from a material susceptible to removal from the casing by at least one of drilling with another well drilling bit and chemical exposure, wherein the chemical exposure is substantially harmless to the casing;

at least one centralizer affixed to an interior of the casing, the at least one centralizer including a receptacle therein for engaging a measurement while drilling tool, the at least one centralizer formed from a material susceptible to removal from the casing by at least one of drilling with another well drilling bit and chemical exposure, wherein the chemical exposure is substantially harmless to the casing; and

a measurement while drilling tool configured to move along the interior of the casing and to engage with the at least one centralizer, the measurement while drilling tool including at least one device to measure a drilling parameter or a formation parameter, the measurement while drilling tool including a latch at an upper end thereof for engagement with a retrieval tool moved through the interior of the casing, wherein the at least one centralizer comprises at least one passage for flow of drilling fluid between an exterior of the measurement while drilling tool and the interior of the casing.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one centralizer is formed from aluminum.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one centralizer is formed from fiber reinforced plastic.

4. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one centralizer comprises a feature for engaging an exterior of the measurement while drilling tool such that a fixed rotary orientation of the measurement while drilling tool with respect to the casing is established.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein the drill bit is formed from aluminum.

6. The system of claim 1 further comprising at least one additional centralizer affixed to the interior of the casing at a longitudinally spaced apart position from the at least one centralizer, the at least one additional centralizer formed from a material susceptible to removal from the casing by at least one of drilling with another well drilling bit and chemical exposure, wherein the chemical exposure is substantially harmless to the casing.

7. The system of claim 6 wherein the measurement while drilling tool comprises a mud flow modulator disposed in a modulator housing, and wherein the at least one additional centralizer, and wherein the at least one additional centralizer is configured to sealingly engage an exterior of the modulator housing such that drilling fluid flow is diverted through the modulator housing.

8. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one centralizer is threadedly engaged with the interior of the casing.

9. The system of claim 1 further comprising a pressure sensor disposed in a wall of the casing and exposed to an exterior thereof, the pressure sensor in signal communication with the measurement while drilling tool by a transformer coil associated with the at least one centralizer, the transformer coil positioned proximate a corresponding transformer coil disposed in the measurement while drilling tool.

10. A casing drilling system, comprising:

a casing having a drill bit at one end, the drill bit capable of drilling subsurface Earth formations and formed from a material susceptible to removal from the casing by at least one of drilling with another well drilling bit and chemical exposure, wherein the chemical exposure is substantially harmless to the casing;

at least one centralizer affixed to an interior of the casing, the at least one centralizer including a receptacle therein for engaging a measurement while drilling tool, the at least one centralizer formed from a material susceptible to removal from the casing by at least one of drilling with another well drilling bit and chemical exposure, wherein the chemical exposure is substantially harmless to the casing, and further wherein the at least one centralizer is threadedly engaged with the interior of the casing; and

a measurement while drilling tool configured to move along the interior of the casing and to engage with the at least one centralizer, the measurement while drilling tool including at least one device to measure a drilling parameter or a formation parameter, the measurement while drilling tool including a latch at an upper end thereof for engagement with a retrieval tool moved through the interior of the casing; and

an internally threaded insert affixed to an interior of the casing, the insert having threads thereon configured to engage mating threads on an exterior of the at least one centralizer.

11. The system of claim 10 wherein the insert is retained in the casing by interference fit.

12. The system of claim 10 wherein the insert is retained in the casing by welding.

13. A method for casing drilling, comprising:

rotating a casing having a drill bit at one end in a wellbore while urging the casing longitudinally therealong, the drill bit capable of drilling subsurface Earth formations and formed from a material susceptible to removal from the casing by at least one of drilling with another well drilling bit and chemical exposure, wherein the chemical exposure is substantially harmless to the casing, the casing including therein at least one centralizer affixed to an interior of the casing, the at least one centralizer including a receptacle therein for engaging a measurement while drilling tool, the at least one centralizer formed from a material susceptible to removal from the casing by at least one of drilling with another well drilling bit and chemical exposure, wherein the chemical exposure is substantially harmless to the casing, the casing including a measurement while drilling tool configured to move along the interior of the casing and to engage with the at least one centralizer, the measurement while drilling tool including at least one device to measure a drilling parameter or a formation parameter, the measurement while drilling tool including a latch at an upper end thereof for engagement with a retrieval tool moved through the interior of the casing;

at a selected depth, stopping the rotating and longitudinally urging, and inserting a retrieval tool inside the casing;

engaging the retrieval tool to the upper end of the measurement while drilling tool and removing the measurement while drilling tool from the casing;

at least one of drilling out and chemically removing the at least one centralizer and the drill bit from the casing; and

during the rotating and urging the drill bit, modulating a flow of fluid inside the casing to communicate signals from the measurement while drilling tool to the surface.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising placing cement in an annular space between the casing and the wellbore prior to removing the at least one centralizer.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein the engaging the retrieval tool and removing the measurement while drilling tool comprises at least one of extending a wireline, a slickline and a coiled tubing into the casing.

16. The method of claim 13 wherein the drilling out comprises rotating and longitudinally moving a drill out drill bit inside the casing, and further comprising extending the wellbore by continuing to rotate and longitudinally urge the drill out drill bit.