In-wheel suspension

1. An in-wheel suspension, comprising:

a wheel;

a carrier that rotatably supports the wheel;

an arm that is coupled with a vehicle body, and that extends into the wheel;

at least one link that is coupled with the carrier so as to be pivotable about a first shaft substantially parallel to a wheel rotation axis and coupled with the arm so as to be pivotable about a second shaft substantially parallel to the wheel rotation axis, the at least one link extending in a longitudinal direction of a vehicle; and

at least one of an elastic element and an attenuation element that is arranged between the carrier and the link.

2. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one link is directly coupled with the carrier with a ball-joint.

3. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one link is directly coupled with the carrier with a pin.

4. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one link is directly coupled with the carrier with an elastic member.

5. An in-wheel suspension, comprising:

a wheel;

a carrier that rotatably supports the wheel;

an arm that is coupled with a vehicle body, and that extends into the wheel;

at least one link that is coupled with the carrier so as to be pivotable about a first shaft substantially parallel to a wheel rotation axis and coupled with the arm so as to be pivotable about a second shaft substantially parallel to the wheel rotation axis, the at least one link extending in a longitudinal direction of a vehicle;

at least one of an elastic element and an attenuation element that is arranged between the carrier and the link; and

a mechanism that guides a movement of the arm in a vertical or substantially vertical direction.

6. An in-wheel suspension, comprising:

a wheel;

a carrier that rotatably supports the wheel;

an arm that is coupled with a vehicle body, and that extends into the wheel;

a first link that is coupled with the carrier so as to be pivotable about a first shaft substantially parallel to a wheel rotation axis and coupled with the arm so as to be pivotable about a second shaft substantially parallel to the wheel rotation axis, the first link extending in a longitudinal direction of a vehicle;

a second link that is arranged below the first link, the second link coupled with the carrier so as to be pivotable about a third shaft substantially parallel to the wheel rotation axis and coupled with the arm so as to be pivotable about a fourth shaft substantially parallel to the wheel rotation axis, the second link extending in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle; and

at least one of an elastic element and an attenuation element that is arranged between the carrier and the first link or the second link.

7. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 6 , wherein

coupling points at which the first link and the second link are coupled with the carrier are set on a rear side of a wheel center such that a moment for increasing a toe-in-angle is generated when a lateral force is applied to the vehicle.

8. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 6 , wherein

a line that connects a midpoint between a coupling point at which the first link is coupled with the arm and a coupling point at which the second link is coupled with the arm, to a midpoint between a coupling point at which the first link is coupled with the carrier and a coupling point at which the second link is coupled with the carrier tilts upward toward a front of the vehicle.

9. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 6 , wherein

a span length between a coupling point at which the first link is coupled with the arm and a coupling point at which the second link is coupled with the arm is longer than a span length between a coupling point at which the first link is coupled with the carrier and a coupling point at which the second link is coupled with the carrier.

10. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 6 , wherein

each of the first link and the second link includes an arm-side link that is pivotable about the second shaft for the first link and fourth shaft for the second link with respect to the arm, and a carrier-side link that is pivotably coupled with the arm-side link and that is pivotable about the second shaft for the first link and fourth shaft for the second link with respect to the carrier, and

one of the first link and the second link is coupled with the carrier via a first restraining link, and the other of the first link and the second link is coupled with the carrier via a second restraining link or the first link and the second link are coupled with each other via the second restraining link.

11. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 10 , wherein

the second restraining link couples the first link with the second link, and

at least one of the elastic element and the attenuation element is arranged between the second restraining link and the carrier.

12. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 6 , wherein

the attenuation element is a rotary absorber that has a rotating shaft and that attenuates a rotational force transmitted to the rotating shaft, and

the in-wheel suspension further comprises a gear that is provided to the first link or the second link, that pivots in accordance with a pivot motion of the first link or the second link, and that transmits the rotational force to the rotating shaft of the rotary absorber.

13. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 12 , wherein

the rotary absorber is arranged in a space formed in an end portion of the arm.

14. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 6 , wherein

each of the first link and the second link includes an arm-side link that is pivotable about the second shaft for the first link and fourth shaft for the second link with respect to the arm, and a carrier-side link that is pivotably coupled with the arm-side link and that is pivotable about the second shaft for the first link and fourth shaft for the second link with respect to the carrier,

a restraining link connects a first coupling portion at which the arm-side link and the carrier-side link of the first link are coupled with each other, to a second coupling portion at which the arm-side link and the carrier-side link of the second link are coupled with each other, and

at least one of the first coupling portion and the second coupling portion is pivotably coupled with the restraining link via an elastic member.

15. An in-wheel suspension, comprising:

a wheel;

a carrier that rotatably supports the wheel;

an arm that is coupled with a vehicle body, and that extends into the wheel;

at least one link that is coupled with the carrier so as to be pivotable about a first shaft substantially parallel to a wheel rotation axis and coupled with the arm so as to be pivotable about a second shaft substantially parallel to the wheel rotation axis, the at least one link extending in a longitudinal direction of a vehicle;

at least one of an elastic element and an attenuation element that is arranged between the carrier and the link;

a sliding shaft member that is provided to the carrier, and that extends in a vertical or substantially vertical direction in the wheel; and

a sliding member that is provided around the sliding shaft member so as to be slidable with respect to the sliding shaft member in an axial direction and a circumferential direction of the sliding shaft member, and that is pivotably connected to the arm.

16. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 15 , wherein

a connection portion at which the sliding shaft member is connected to the arm is arranged at a side portion of the sliding shaft member in a vehicle-width direction.

17. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 15 , wherein

the sliding shaft member is arranged on a rear side of a vertical axis that passes a center of a tire/wheel assembly.

18. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 15 , wherein

the at least one link includes a second link,

the first link is coupled with the carrier at a front end, and coupled with the arm at a rear end,

the second link is apart from the first link in the vertical or substantially vertical direction, and is connected to the carrier at a front end, and coupled with the arm at a rear end, and

a span length between a coupling point at which the first link is coupled with the arm and a coupling point at which the second link is coupled with the arm is shorter than a span length between a coupling point at which the first link is coupled with the carrier and a coupling point at which the second link is coupled with the carrier.

19. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 15 , wherein

the sliding member is connected to the arm at two connection portions that are apart from each other in the vertical or substantially vertical direction.

20. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 19 , wherein

a line extending in the axial direction of the sliding shaft member and a line connecting the two connection portions at which the sliding member is connected to the arm are non-parallel and non-coplanar.

21. The in-wheel suspension according to claim 15 , wherein

the sliding member has an upper portion and a lower portion that are apart from each other in the vertical or substantially vertical direction, and each of the upper portion and the lower portion is pivotably connected to the arm.